I watched Er Chuang’s short video, and everything went numb!

[First of all. ]

[Since they will be eyeing me covetously if they sit in the No. 2 position, why not make this position difficult to sit in and not sit for a long time. ]

[During the 54 years of Liu Che's reign, the prime minister changed 13 times. ]

[Since he personally took power in 135 BC, famous prime ministers such as Tian Fen, Gongsun Hong, and Liu Qumao came and went, and three of them were forced to commit suicide, and three were brutally killed. ]

……

The plane of Emperor Gaozu of the Han Dynasty.

Liu Bang's eyes were filled with shock.

The means of his descendant are a bit cruel.

At the same time.

Many planes before the plane of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty.

Many ancient people were also shocked.

A total of 13 prime ministers, 6 of whom were killed.

Being prime minister under Emperor Wu of Han, Liu Che, is a truly dangerous job!

……

[In the middle and late stages of his reign, he also cultivated a group of cruel officials who were highly loyal to him. ]

[The most famous one is Zhang Tang, who is very good at figuring out Liu Che's mind. According to the "Book of Han", "the one he punishes is the one the emperor wants to punish, and the one he punishes is the one the official who is serious about it; the one he wants to release is the one the official who is lenient about it."]

[With the assistance of such cruel officials, the candidates for prime ministers have been renewed one after another, which is roughly equivalent to the word "dangerous". They are not even flawless in protecting themselves, so how can they have the ability to hinder the emperor? ]

……

Hearing the word "cruel official".

Many ancient people in all dynasties frowned.

From ancient times to the present, few people have a good impression of creatures like "cruel officials".

……

[Secondly. 】

[The prime ministers in the early Han Dynasty were all descendants of prominent officials or relatives of the emperor. For example, Xu Chang was the grandson of Xu Wen, the Marquis of Baizhi, a meritorious official of Emperor Gaozu of the Han Dynasty; Dou Ying was the nephew of Empress Dou of Emperor Wen of the Han Dynasty; Xue Ze was the grandson of Xue Ou, the Marquis of Guangping, a meritorious official of Emperor Gaozu of the Han Dynasty...]

[The family network of these officials was entangled and deeply buried under the imperial court. Even if they took turns to sit in the second position, Liu Che would not feel at ease.]

[After all, Chen Ping, Zhou Bo and others stepped forward to quell the "Lu Rebellion" in the past, which exposed the political power of the two major groups of relatives and nobles.]

[So if you want to fight relatives, you must also guard against the meritorious officials.]

...

Many emperors in the past dynasties nodded slightly.

Whether it is relatives or nobles, they are forces that may threaten the imperial power.

Therefore, both forces must be suppressed and not allowed to grow stronger.

……

[In 124 BC, he took advantage of Xue Ze's illness when he fell off the carriage and retired, and appointed Gongsun Hong, who was of a relatively humble origin, as prime minister and conferred him the title of Marquis of Pingjin. ]

[Most of the prime ministers after that were no longer descendants of nobles. ]

[For example, Li Cai was Li Guang's cousin, and his military family was awarded a position for military merit. Another example is Zhao Zhou. He was conferred the title of marquis because his father, when he was the Grand Tutor of the King of Chu, urged the King of Chu not to participate in the Seven Kingdoms Rebellion, and was killed. Later, Emperor Jingdi conferred the title of marquis to commend his loyal ministers. ]

[Others such as Shi Qing, Gongsun He, Tian Qianqiu, etc., although they all have high births, these people who are neither noble nor relatives of the emperor are the prime ministers, and the No. 2 position has lost its deep political foundation. 】

……

The plane of Taizu of the Ming Dynasty.

Zhu Yuanzhang felt that instead of trying various ways to weaken the power of the No. 2 prime minister, it would be better to do as he did and directly abolish the position of prime minister.

In this way, the emperor in the No. 1 position will completely monopolize power.

Old Zhu didn't know it at this time.

Although he got rid of the position of prime minister, the future Ming Dynasty will have a position of cabinet chief assistant, which is no different from the prime minister.

For example, the cabinet chief assistants such as Yan Song and Zhang Juzheng almost reached their peak of power.

Especially during Zhang Juzheng's tenure, the entire Ming Dynasty was maintained by him alone, and his power and status were even greater than the prime minister in the past.

……

[The only exception is Zhuang Qingzhai, whose grandfather Zhuang Buzhi was granted the title of Marquis of Wuqiang during the reign of Emperor Gaozu and once became the prime minister. ]

[But it was during his tenure that Zhang Tang was favored and even climbed to the position of Imperial Censor, making the prime minister in name only. "All the affairs of the emperor are decided by Tang", and Zhuang Qingzhai certainly did not want to do it. ]

[The three chief secretaries under him actively collected evidence and accused Zhang Tang, saying that he leaked the emperor's intentions to merchants, allowing merchants to judge price changes in advance and make profits. ]

[Liu Che was furious and ordered an investigation and punishment of Zhang Tang. Zhang Tang, who had finally climbed to the No. 2 position, was now in trouble. ]

[In despair, he wrote in a letter: "Tang has no merit, and he started as a clerk. Your Majesty is fortunate to be promoted to the position of the Three Dukes, and I have no way to absolve myself. However, it was the three chief secretaries who plotted to frame Tang." Then he committed suicide to show his determination. 】

……

"Cruel officials will not have a good end."

Many ancient people from all dynasties thought in their hearts.

They had no sympathy for Zhang Tang's experience.

However.

At the same time.

There are other ancient people in the dynasties after Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty who feel a little sorry for Zhang Tang.

They think that although Zhang Tang is a cruel official, he is very honest in his official duties and his death is a bit aggrieved.

……

[However, his inheritance totaled only 500 gold, and it was all rewarded by the emperor. No bribes from merchants were found at all. 】

[This time, it was the turn of Prime Minister Zhuang Qingzhai to be unlucky. 】

[Liu Che issued an edict to execute the three chief officials, and Zhuang Qingzhai also committed suicide under pressure. 】

【Looking back, when things developed to this point, Liu Che was still the big winner in the court. 】

【It was he who first used personnel appointments and dismissals to separate the name and reality of the No. 2 position, and he was also the one who finally reaped the political fruits of the ministers' obedience and the strengthening of imperial power after Zhang and Zhuang committed suicide. 】

……

The plane of Emperor Gaozu of the Han Dynasty.

Liu Bang showed admiration in his eyes.

"Not bad! Very good!"

These operations of Liu Che demonstrated the brilliant political tactics of a mature emperorparagraph.

Liu Bang admired it very much.

As for the question of right or wrong, it is not important.

What is important is to successfully achieve the goal of strengthening the imperial power.

……

[The third, and the most far-reaching move in history, is to support the obedient and useful No. 3 and divide some of the power of No. 2. ]

[Liu Che selected some confidants to form a decision-making team in the palace. This group of people can enter and leave the palace more freely and serve the emperor. ]

[This team is called "Zhongchao" or "Neichao". In contrast, officials such as the prime minister were isolated outside the walls of Weiyang Palace and were called "Waichao". 】

The barrage flew out:

"I feel that it is more appropriate to call it the inner court, which is more in line with the saying that China has a dual power structure."

"Reply-If you don't understand, just ask, what is the dual power structure of the country?"

"Reply-The housekeeping team with the prime minister as the core is called "chao", also called the outer court; the main family team with the monarch as the core is called the court, also called the inner court. The outer court and the inner court together constitute a complete dual power structure, which is the court."

"Reply-This is called national power, and the original source comes from the Zhou Dynasty."

"Reply-Indeed, in the Zhou Dynasty, the emperor and the descendants of the Ji clan jointly managed the world. The emperor was in charge of "sacrifice" and "conquest", and other powers were given to the clan. The clan elected a representative If a person holds power, he is called "chief minister", "prime minister", "prime minister" and so on. "

"Reply - In a sense, the position of prime minister is actually the legacy of the feudal system of the Western Zhou Dynasty. After the establishment of the unified monarchy, the outer court and the inner court began to oppose each other, and the dual structure of national power began to oppose each other, and then a power struggle lasted for thousands of years. "

"Reply - I feel that this dual power structure is quite good. One is responsible for decision-making and the other is responsible for management and execution. Why should we oppose each other? "

"Reply - Because both sides want to put their hands into each other's pockets. The prime minister wants the emperor's decision-making power, and the emperor wants the prime minister's management power. "

"..."

In many dynasties.

Many emperors and prime ministers were silent, each with their own thoughts.

The struggle between imperial power and prime minister power was a sensitive topic in the ancient unified dynasties of China.

The emperor always felt that it was too troublesome to discuss things with the prime minister.

And the prime minister would feel that he had put so much thought and effort into state affairs, why did he have to get the emperor's approval?

For a long time, there would naturally be conflicts between the two sides.

……

["Inner court" officials generally have titles such as Shizhong, Sanqi, Zhongchangshi, and Jieshizhong. ]

[Note that at this time, these titles are still unofficial. They can be given to Confucian scholars selected by the emperor from the people, or to those "outer court" officials who are willing to be in the same mind with the emperor, such as marquises, generals, doctors, and captains, so that they can become well-known confidants of the emperor. ]

[WuDuring the reign of Emperor Wu, most of the civil and military officials who won this title were famous, such as Wei Qing, Huo Qubing, Huo Guang, Jin Midi, etc., all of whom served as Shizhong. 】

【This position also became a custom, and in the Sui and Tang dynasties it became the head of the "Menxia Province". 】

Barrage flew out:

"Starting from Liu Che, the court gradually overwhelmed the court."

"The imperial power began to strengthen."

"..." (To read the violent novels, go to Feilu Novel Network!)

The plane of Emperor Gaozu of the Han Dynasty.

Liu Bang's eyes lit up.

This is a good idea.

This descendant of his is indeed capable, no wonder he is called "Emperor Wu of Han" by people in later generations.

...[]

【In addition. 】

【Liu Che also took a fancy to a position, which was originally a subordinate of the Shaofu, one of the Nine Ministers, and was responsible for sending and receiving official documents for the emperor all day long. 】

【Liu Che thought this was a good job, so he simply picked it out and set up an official office. 】

【All memorials could no longer be presented to the outer court first, shown to the prime minister, and then to the emperor as before. Instead, they had to be handed over to this person first, who would present them directly to the emperor. After the emperor had discussed with the inner court team, they would be issued to the outer court for execution. 】

【This honorable position was Shangshu, and Liu Che changed it to Shangshu Ling. Only close and favored ministers could hold this position, such as Zhang Tang's son Zhang Anshi. 】

【In the late Wu Emperor's reign, Liu Che indulged in feasting in the back garden and let eunuchs participate in Shangshu affairs. The eunuchs who received this honor were called Zhong Shangshu Ling, or Zhongshu Ling for short. 】

【These two positions are the origin of the chief officials of the Secretariat and the Ministry of Shangshu in the Sui and Tang Dynasties. 】

The bullet screen flew out:

"With this set of combined punches, Liu Che greatly reduced the power of the prime minister."

"Reply-but letting eunuchs participate in political affairs has set a very bad precedent."

"Reply-Indeed, many historians believe that Liu Che's operation laid the foundation for the eunuchs to abuse their power later, and it was a major turning point in the history of eunuchs' development."

"..."

The plane of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty.

Liu Che looked at the huge screen in the sky, his eyes full of thought.

He had fully witnessed the huge harm of eunuchs interfering in politics in many previous videos.

In this life, he will definitely not continue this practice.

What he is considering now is to cancel the position of the Secretary of State and strictly prohibit eunuchs from interfering in politics.

……

[Since the civil servants in charge of administration have to be changed, the military officials who hold military power have to be changed even more. ]

[In 139 BC, Liu Che abolished the post of Taiwei and replaced it with Sima in the name of imitating the Zhou Li, taking the command of military operations into his own hands. ]

[It was not until 20 years later that he gave Wei Qing and Huo Qubing the title of "Da Sima" for their outstanding achievements to show their honor beyond other generals, but it "has no seal and ribbon, it is just a concurrent title", which is also a temporary title so that they can participate in the internal court affairs and hold the key positions.】

……

The plane of Emperor Gaozu of the Han Dynasty.

Appreciation appeared in Liu Bang's eyes again.

He approved of Liu Che's methods.

……

[After sorting out this relationship, it is not difficult to find that the Han Empire, which had just experienced the rebellion of the princes and the interference of foreign relatives in politics, carried out a round of high-level political changes in the hands of Liu Che. 】

[The emperor consolidated the imperial power by rotating and weakening the No. 2 position and promoting the No. 3 position. 】

[The problem is that in order to play such a temporary measure, the emperor himself must be good at political skills, and this set of skills must be passed down from generation to generation. 】

[However, after the Witchcraft Rebellion, the succession to the throne was once again disordered. 】

[Most of the subsequent Western Han monarchs were not as ruthless as Liu Che, which led to the gradual institutionalization and proceduralization of these temporary official titles set by Emperor Wu. 】

[The prime minister at position 2 was indeed weakened, but these newly promoted prime ministers at position 3 gradually replaced position 2 and became a new constraint. 】

[They were either divided by relatives, or were tainted by eunuchs, or hunted by aristocratic families. 】

……

The plane of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty.

Liu Che frowned.

This is indeed a problem.

He can take these measures to strengthen the imperial power, but later emperors may not have such ability.

No.

Not necessarily.

From the video on the giant screen in the sky, he has learned that the emperors of the Western Han Dynasty in later generations could not handle such measures at all. 627

Even, there appeared powerful ministers like Huo Guang.

"If it is caused by the disorder of the succession of the throne, then in this life, the succession of the throne will not be disordered. Can these situations be avoided from happening again?"

Liu Che thought in his heart.

After obtaining various information from the giant screen, Liu Che will definitely not let the witchcraft rebellion happen again in this life.

Liu Ju's position as the crown prince will not be shaken.

The throne of the Han Dynasty can be passed on normally.

Liu Che felt that with Liu Ju's ability, he should be able to play with these measures.

But what about after Liu Ju?

Liu Che felt that it was still a problem.

This kind of measure relying on the emperor's personal ability always carries uncertainty.

The more Liu Che thought about it, the more he felt that he needed a system that did not rely on the emperor's personal ability and could consolidate and strengthen the imperial power.

……

[During the succession of young monarchs in the Han Dynasty, these positions, which were not called prime ministers in name but were actually prime ministers, were circulated in the competition among various forces, and eventually completely lost their credibility. ]

[When the people's livelihood in the Han Empire declined twice, the emperors in the No. 1 position were either as stupid as Emperor Ai and Emperor Ling, or as weak as Emperor Ping and Emperor Xian, and the power of the No. 2 position gradually concentrated in the hands of a powerful minister. ]

[Wang Mang, who was promoted from Shizhong to Da Sima and Lu Shangshushi, replaced the puppet king, and Cao Cao, who was promoted from Sikong to Wei Wang and given nine gifts, restored the prime minister. ]

[Such changes were not limited to the Han Dynasty, but also extended to the next fewAlmost every dynasty. 】

【At the beginning of the establishment of the dynasty, the monarch was strong, and the No. 2 position in the outer court was mostly suppressed, and the No. 3 position from the palace emerged one after another. 】

【The titles of Shizhong, Shangshu, Da Sima, Shumishi, Canzhi Zhengshi, Neiqi Daxueshi, etc., these official titles came and went. 】

【While the imperial power was consolidated again and again, it also made the emperors above ten thousand people and the powerful ministers under one person in the ancient empire return to the old path called "inner court officials becoming outer court officials" again and again by historians. 】

……

Many emperors of all dynasties nodded slightly.

This struggle between imperial power and prime minister power, inner court and outer court, No. 1 and No. 2, has almost never stopped in the history of Chinese dynasties.

Time and time again, one rises and the other falls, and the cycle repeats again and again.

……

[These political creatures who indulge in the emperor's mind may never think that they are just like those pirates who racked their brains to split a hundred gold coins. ]

[The more familiar they are with this set of techniques, the easier it is for them to ignore a most fundamental fact. ]

[The biggest opponent of imperial power has never been any of them. ]

[Because the real master of this world has never been any of the pirates, but the power of the people of the world behind these seemingly quiet gold coins. ]

[This power, although it once made the ancient imperial robes shine, will eventually bury those ancient pirates completely when they indulge in power. ]

……

Looking at this final conclusion.

Many emperors of all dynasties changed their colors and were instantly shocked and angry.

"Nonsense!"

"Spreading evil words to confuse the people!"

"High treason!"

Many emperors shouted angrily. .