I watched Er Chuang’s short video, and everything went numb!

[It stands to reason that the emperor, as the ruler of a country, should hold great power and be extremely respected. ]

[If they are trusted and valued by the emperor, whether they are royal relatives or civil officials and military generals, they can all rise to prominence, but why do so many people want to kill them? ]

……

To this question.

Different ancient people in different dynasties have different answers.

Some people think that it is the emperor's immorality that has caused public anger.

Some people think that it is the treacherous ministers who are blinded by greed.

Of course.

There are also other ancient people who have other views.

In short, there are many different opinions.

……

[In the "Twenty-Four Histories", historians' comments on this issue often start from an ethical perspective, accusing the emperors of being licentious and immoral, and violating the moral code. 】

[For example, Emperor Yang Guang of the Sui Dynasty was denounced by Wei Zheng and others who compiled the "Book of Sui" as "extremely licentious, with laws and regulations, no education, five cruel punishments, killing relatives, slaughtering loyal people, and those who were rewarded did not see their merits, and those who were killed did not know their crimes."]

[Li Yanshou also criticized him in the "Northern History" for "inviting old women to speak ugly words together day and night. He also led young men to have sex with palace ladies. He was immoral and used it as entertainment" and other confusing behaviors. 】

……

The plane of Emperor Wen of the Great Sui Dynasty.

Yang Jian's face was very ugly.

He felt that this was not only scolding his son Yang Guang, but also scolding him for being blind.

……

The plane of Emperor Yang of the Great Sui Dynasty.

Yang Guang's face was ashen, and he was extremely angry.

"Nonsense! Nonsense!"

Yang Guang smashed a bottle to the ground and shouted angrily.

In his self-perception, he felt that he had done a good job as an emperor.

All these historians in later generations were slandering him! Denigrating him!

……

[This attribution method seems reasonable, but it is actually full of problems. ]

[If killing blood relatives is against ethics and will lead to assassination, then why was Emperor Jing of Han Liu Qi not murdered in the end? ]

[If indulging in wine and sex and defilement in the palace will cause hatred, then why did Emperor Cheng of Han "920" Liu Ao not die under the sword? ]

[On the contrary, those emperors who were assassinated were not all licentious and immoral. 】

[For example, during the reign of Empress Lü, the former Shaodi Liu Gong was poisoned to death. After the fall of the Lü clan, Shaodi Liu Hong was deposed and killed by court officials to welcome the King of Dai Liu Heng. 】

[How could these two children, who were less than 10 years old, have committed any immoral acts? 】

[From this, it can be seen that for the emperor, moral corruption is neither a sufficient nor a necessary condition for his abnormal death. At most, it is just one of many possible factors. 】

…

In different dynasties.

The emperors mentioned had different reactions.

Some were angry, some were terrified…

At the same time.

Many emperors who were not mentioned had their own answers to this question.

In the eyes of many emperors, what is the logic of the struggle for imperial power?

All external reasons are false, and the real purpose is to fight for the supreme dragon throne.

……

[So, is there a relatively more reasonable explanation logic? ]

[The answer is of course yes. ]

[Let's start from the perspective of game theory and look at the underlying logic of the killing between these political creatures. ]

……

The plane of Emperor Taizong of the Tang Dynasty.

Li Shimin became interested:

"Game theory?"

If understood literally, the so-called game theory is naturally talking about the method of playing chess.

But Li Shimin knew that it was definitely not meant here, but was talking about the countermeasures for power struggle.

As an emperor who could not avoid power struggle, he was of course interested in understanding it in depth.

……

[Now, please be patient and play a game called "Pirates Divide Gold" together. ]

[Suppose, there are 5 extremely smart and absolutely rational pirates who have obtained 100 gold coins together. ]

[They decide to draw lots to rank No. 1 to 5, and then propose a distribution plan for the gold coins in order. ]

[After the plan is proposed, the 5 people will vote together. If the plan proposed by No. 1 is agreed by half of the people, it can be implemented. Otherwise, he will be thrown into the sea by the remaining 4 and will have no way to survive. ]

[After he dies, it will be No. 2's turn to propose a plan. If No. 2's plan is voted, it can be implemented. Otherwise, he will be thrown into the sea and No. 3 will propose a plan, and so on. ]

[If you in front of the screen happen to be the pirate who drew No. 1, how many gold coins do you plan to give yourself to save your life and maximize your personal interests? 】

……

The plane of Emperor Chengzu of the Ming Dynasty.

When Zhu Zhanji saw this, he said:

"That's easy."

"100 gold coins, just divide them equally, 20 gold coins each, everyone will be happy!"

"I'm sure everyone has no objection."

Hearing this, Zhu Di and Zhu Gaochi on the side sighed in their hearts, "Zhu Zhanji is still too young."

Continue.

Zhu Di said to Zhu Zhanji:

"According to your distribution plan, if you are No. 1, you will definitely be thrown into the sea to feed the fish."

"Ah?!"

Zhu Zhanji was shocked, and then asked in confusion:

"Why?"

"If I throw you into the sea, there will be one less person. If four people share, there will be more gold coins than if five people share, right?"

Zhu Di replied indifferently.

"This..."

Zhu Zhanji was stunned.

It seems to be true.

"Grandpa, if that's the case, then No. 1 is doomed?"

"No matter what he does, he will definitely be voted out by the other four people."

Zhu Zhanji said again.

Zhu Di shook his head and said:

"If this is the case, then the only ones who can survive are No. 4 and No. 5. No. 4 gets 100 gold coins, and No. 5 gets nothing."

Zhu Zhanji was stunned again.

Thinking carefully, it seems to be true.

According to this idea, five people are not as good as four people, four people are not as good as three people, three people are not as good as two people, two people...

Uh, no need to divide.

According to the rules, as long as half of the people agree, it can be implemented.

In the end, only No. 4 and No. 5 were left.

No. 4 no longer needs to consider No. 5's opinion. He agrees, which means half of the people have passed.

So, No. 4 must give himself 100 coins and No. 5 zero coins.

At this time,

Zhu Di said to Zhu Zhanji again:

"As mentioned in the question, these five pirates are extremely smart and absolutely rational. They will definitely think of this situation and avoid it."

"So, don't try to win over everyone by dividing the gold coins equally. This is not feasible."

"Gold coins are your bargaining chips. You have to use them well."

"Think about it carefully. If you are No. 1, how would you distribute them to save your life and get the most benefits?"

Zhu Di thought this game was quite interesting.

In a sense, distributing gold coins is actually distributing power.

Hearing Zhu Di's question, Zhu Zhanji asked curiously:

"Do you already have a distribution plan, Grandpa?"

Zhu Di nodded, but did not tell Zhu Zhanji what plan he had come up with.

Zhu Zhanji did not continue to ask, but thought about it carefully.

……

[Friends who haven't seen this question, think about it now. ]

[For those who have seen it, the answer is probably clear in their minds. ]

……

The Great Qin plane, the Great Han Wudi plane, the Great Tang Taizong plane, the Great Ming Taizu plane...

In these many dynasties, many emperors such as Qin Shihuang, Liu Che, Li Shimin, and Zhu Yuanzhang all had their own distribution plans in mind.

And their answers were the same.

That is: 98.

And the answer given on the screen next is exactly this number.

……

[Come on, let's type it on the public screen together, yes, it is: 98. ]

[How can there be so many? Isn't it too counterintuitive? 】

……

"98?" (To read the exciting novel, go to Faloo Novel Network!)

In the Ming Chengzu plane, Zhu Zhanji, who was still calculating, was stunned for a moment, and then asked Zhu Di:

"Grandpa, is that so?"

"Yes."

Zhu Di nodded.

After getting Zhu Di's affirmative answer, Zhu Zhanji thought in this direction. []

……

[Don't worry, weTake your time. 】

[Actually, this question needs to be proved in reverse. 】

[Suppose, you are now No. 4, and the three in front of you are dead, leaving you and No. 5. 】

[Then, no matter how you distribute it, as long as you vote for yourself, you will reach half of the votes, and No. 5's objection will be useless, and you will enjoy 100 gold coins alone. 】

[So, in your eyes, brother No. 3 is not a brother. Even if he only takes one, you will object to it, being very rational, right? 】

……

Many ancient people in the past dynasties nodded.

That's true.

For No. 4, the best situation is to kill the three people in front of him.

But, obviously, the three people in front of him also know this situation, so they will definitely not let No. 4 succeed.

……

[In this case, No. 3 has to get another vote in order to save his life. 】

[Since 4 is firmly opposed, then just win over 5. As long as he is given a gold coin, he will feel more comfortable than 4 who has nothing to his name. 】

[Therefore, the best solution for 3 must be: 99, 0, 1. 】

[Looking back at 2, since 3 can only get 99 coins at most, there is no need for him to win his approval. He can survive with just two votes. 】

[Besides himself, the easiest person to win over is 4. 】

[After all, according to 3's solution, 4 can't get even one coin, so just giving 4 one is enough, so the best solution for 3 becomes 99, 0, 1, 0. 】

…

"It's so complicated!"

Many ancient people in the past dynasties were a little confused.

They felt that this paragraph was too confusing and a little dizzy.

At the same time

Some other ancients found it very interesting.

They quickly deduced according to this idea.

……

[Now, what should No. 1 do? ]

[Smart people, I believe you have understood it. ]

[Under Plan No. 2, the ones who suffer the most are No. 3 and No. 5 who can't get a single coin. You only need to give them one coin each to win their hearts. Add your vote, and congratulations on taking the remaining 98 coins. ]

[As for No. 2 who is destined to oppose you, you don't even need to give him a single gold coin. ]

……

"So it's 98, 0, 1, 0, 1?"

In the plane of Emperor Chengzu of the Ming Dynasty, Zhu Zhanji asked 0 .....

Zhu Di nodded slightly.

Based on the rules, in fact, for No. 1, as long as he can win over two people, he can ensure that his distribution plan will be voted through.

And if every pirate is extremely smart and absolutely rational, No. 3 and No. 5 will definitely figure out that they will not get a single gold coin in No. 2's best allocation plan.

In this case.

No. 1 is willing to give No. 3 and No. 5 a gold coin, then he will definitely be able to win over these two pirates.Two people.

Why is it No. 5, not No. 4?

Because in No. 2's best plan, No. 4 can also get a gold coin, so he has no reason to cooperate with No. 2.

……

[Did you find it? ]

[In this zero-sum game where it's either you die or I die, everyone has a nearly structural contradiction with the next one. ]

[Without personal feelings, No. 2 is almost destined to be a staunch opponent of No. 1. ]

[As long as you get rid of the previous one, it's your turn to make the rules, and then the winner takes all. ]

……

The plane of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty.

Liu Che found it quite interesting.

In this so-called "pirate gold division" game, if any "distributor" wants his plan to be passed, the key is to consider clearly in advance what the "challenger's" distribution plan is?

At the same time, get the maximum benefit at the lowest cost, and win over the people who are most dissatisfied in the "challenger" distribution plan.

This is actually similar to the distribution of power and interests in the country.

However.

The setting of this game for all pirates is that everyone is absolutely smart and absolutely rational, and can make the most rational decision without any emotional influence.

However, in real life, this situation almost does not exist.

No one will be "absolutely rational".

Therefore, as a "distributor" of interests, the "challenges" faced are much more difficult, and the situations to be considered are much more complicated.

For example, in the "pirate gold division" model, as long as one of No. 3, No. 4 or No. 5 deviates from the assumption of absolute intelligence and absolute rationality.

Then Pirate No. 1 may be thrown into the sea no matter how he divides it.

So.

The first thing Pirate No. 1 needs to consider is whether the intelligence and rationality of the other pirates are reliable? Otherwise, the first person to divide will be in trouble.

Or,

If No. 2 throws a smokescreen to No. 3, 4, and 5, claiming that he will give them one more gold coin for any distribution plan proposed by No. 1

What will be the result?

The more Liu Che thought about it, the more interesting it became.

……

[So, who is the No. 1 position in the ancient Chinese dynasty? ]

[That's right, the emperor. ]

[It's not difficult to understand why being an emperor is such a high-risk job? ]

[Because if you are not careful, you will fall into a vicious circle of zero-sum game with No. 2. ]

[No matter how close the relationship was before, it is inevitable that it will end up with a sharp knife. 】

The bullet screen flew out:

"What exactly does zero-sum game mean? I often hear this word, but I don't understand its specific meaning."

"Reply - Zero-sum game, also known as zero-sum game, is opposite to non-zero-sum game. It means that under strict competition, the benefits of one party must meanThe sum of the gains and losses of the two parties in the game is always "zero" 1.4. There is no possibility of cooperation between the two parties. "

"Reply-The result of a zero-sum game is usually that one party eats up the other party, and the gain of one party is exactly the loss of the other party, and the interests of the whole society will not increase by one point. "

"Reply-Simply put, in a zero-sum game, one's own happiness is based on the pain of others, and the size of the two is exactly equal, so both parties try their best to achieve self-interest at the expense of others. "

"..."

The plane of Emperor Taizong of the Tang Dynasty.

Li Shimin looked at the giant screen in the sky, his eyes full of thought.

According to this statement, once a "zero-sum game" occurs, it means that the two parties in the game will definitely fight to the death.

So.

The emperor is the No. 1 position in the dynasty, so who is the No. 2 position?

"Prime Minister? ”

Li Shimin first thought of this head of officials.

Then.

Li Shimin shook his head slightly.

Not only the prime minister, but any official with great influence in the court can be considered as the No. 2 position.

Even those harem personnel who can interfere in politics can be considered as the No. 2 position.

……

[Of course, not all emperors will end up in such a desperate situation.]

[Among them, some people will gradually find a solution during their reign.]

[Let's take a look at the Western Han Dynasty, where emperors were repeatedly deposed.]

[In 154 BC, the Seven Kingdoms of Wu and Chu After the chaos, the empire struggled to recover. 】

【Three years later, Emperor Liu Qi abolished Queen Bo and replaced her with Queen Jiaodong, and appointed her son Liu Zhu as the crown prince, changing his name to Liu Che. 】

【After ascending the throne, this child figured out three sets of deadly means. 】

……

Many ancient people from all dynasties were refreshed, and their eyes looking at the giant screen in the sky became more serious.

They were very curious about how Liu Che did it?

At the same time.

In the plane of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty.

Liu Che himself also became interested.

He wanted to see how people in later generations would talk about him? .