Super-divine civilization begins with the civilian use of dark energy technology

Chapter 211 Chapter 239 Chapter [-] The hardest bone to crack

Jiang Fan nodded with satisfaction and continued to emphasize: "The characteristic of desert light must always be retained. Even if the desert is controlled in the future, it must mainly absorb moisture from the air."

"For desert areas, evaporation is greater than rainfall, which is an important reason for desertification. Even if plant coverage increases, we still need to retain more water vapor."

"Increasing plant coverage and then using plants to lock water and replenish groundwater is a long process that may take decades."

Jiao Guoyun showed determination and said loudly: "Boss, I will not give up research on the Desert Light series of plants in the next few decades."

“I hope to see the deserts disappear in this country in my lifetime.”

Jiang Fan patted Jiao Guoyun on the shoulder and assured: "As long as Pangu Xinhuo is there, the company's investment in desert management will not stop."

"Thank you, boss, what about the other deserts?" Jiao Guoyun asked.

There are so many deserts in the country, and now I have mentioned three.

"Gurbantunggut Desert (also known as the Junggar Basin Desert): 44°15′～46°50′ north latitude, 84°50′～91°20′ east longitude. It is located at the northern foot of the Tianshan Economic Belt. It is located in the center of the Junggar Basin, East of the Manas River and south of the Ulungu River, it is also the largest fixed and semi-fixed desert in China, with an area of ​​about 4.88 square kilometers. It ranks second among the eight major deserts in China, with an altitude of 300 to 600 meters and many water sources. .”

"Some experts commented: There is a lot of snow in the desert in winter. After the snow melts in spring, short-lived plants unique to the Gurbantunggut Desert sprout and bloom quickly. At this time, the desert is covered with green grass and bright flowers, which transform the desert. The decoration is vibrant and the scenery is poetic and picturesque.

The ephemeral plant communities that bloom in spring are the most eye-catching. The snow scene in winter, the flowers in spring, and the green shrubs in summer all have their own characteristics. "

"The annual precipitation is 70 to 150 millimeters. Most of the interior of the desert is fixed and semi-fixed dunes, accounting for 97% of the entire desert area, forming the largest fixed and semi-fixed desert in China. The vegetation coverage on the fixed dunes is 40 to 50 %, semi-fixed sand dunes account for 15-25%, making them excellent winter pastures. The desert has rich plant species, up to more than [-] species. The flora composition is in the transition from Central Asia to the central Asian desert."

"The reason for the formation of this desert is drought and wind. In addition, people cut down forest trees and destroyed grasslands, causing the land surface to lose plant coverage, and the desert was formed."

Jiang Fan thought for a while and expressed his decision: "The Gurbantunggut Desert is a temperate arid desert. Air flows in from the gap in the western part of the Junggar Basin, making the desert relatively humid. The annual precipitation is 70-150 mm. Slightly more in spring and early summer, more evenly distributed throughout the year, and with snow in winter.”

"This desert has a lot of rainfall, and there is water in spring, summer, and winter. This means that the normal air humidity in this desert is relatively high, and the effect of Desert Light has skyrocketed. I plan to plant a large number of Desert Light series plants. As long as the company invests a lot of With the manpower and material resources, we can manage it in a short time.”

In fact, the Gurbantunggut Desert, a desert with a large amount of water vapor passing through it, is the most suitable for Desert Light series plants.

In other deserts, Desert Light struggles to survive, but in the Gurbantunggut Desert it thrives.

Jiao Guoyun smiled proudly. Whatever Jiang Fan could think of, he could naturally think of it too.

As long as the air is moist, his desert light can thrive.

"What about other deserts?" There is no need to worry about deserts with humid air. He can't wait to hear the management plans of other deserts.

Jiang Fan recalled it and continued: "

The Ulan Buh Desert reaches Langshan Mountain in the north and is adjacent to the Hetao Plain in the northeast.

It is close to the Yellow River in the east, to the northern foot of Helan Mountain in the south, and to the Jilantai Salt Pond in the west.

It is 170 kilometers long from north to south and 110 kilometers wide from east to west, with a total area of ​​more than 1500 million acres, about 1 square kilometers, and an altitude of 1028-1054 meters. The terrain slopes from south to west.

The climate is controlled by westerly circulation all year round. It is a typical continental climate in the mid-temperate zone. Precipitation is scarce. The average annual precipitation is 102.9 mm, the maximum annual precipitation is 150.3 mm, and the minimum annual precipitation is 33.3 mm. The average annual temperature is 7.8°C, the absolute highest The temperature is 39℃, the absolute minimum temperature is -29.6℃, the average annual evaporation is 2258.8 mm, and the frost-free period is 168 days.

"

"The entire terrain of the Ulan Buh Desert is lower than the water level of the Yellow River, and there are conditions for diversion from the Yellow River for irrigation, thus making up for the disadvantages of low rainfall, large evaporation, drought and water shortage. Moreover, the underground water depth is 5-8 meters, and the shallow water resources Abundant and good water quality suitable for irrigation.

According to the survey data of the Hetao General Administration, shallow confined and semi-confined water is extremely abundant, with a 100-meter aquifer and a total reserve of 57 billion cubic meters. The water quality is good, making it a high-quality water source for drainage and irrigation. "

Jiang Fan paused, moistened his throat, and continued: "The two main reasons for the formation of deserts are drought and wind. In addition, people cut down forest trees and destroyed grasslands, causing the land surface to lose plant coverage, leading to the evaporation of the desert. Huge amount.”

"I plan to plant a large number of Desert Lights in this desert to intercept evaporated water vapor. This desert faces the Yellow River to the east and has rich underground water resources. Desert Lights will not die."

"But this desert, like the Tengger Desert, requires many years of water storage."

Jiao Guoyun frowned. He was different from others. When he studied Desert Light plants, he also knew that the key to desert control is not to plant a large number of plants, but to lock in water. If there is abundant groundwater, a large number of Desert Lights can be planted. , but he was worried.

"Boss, the situation in the Ulan Buh Desert is a little different. Desert Light is planted in large quantities. If there is a year with low water vapor, I'm worried that Desert Light will pump out a lot of groundwater."

"If the water consumption in one year of drought exceeds the water storage capacity in several years, then it will be a big problem."

Jiang Fan pondered for a while and said, "Then take your time. Plant Desert Light around the desert first, and then slowly move towards the center of the desert."

"Let's talk about the next desert."

"The full name of the Qaidam Desert is the Qaidam Basin Desert, covering an area of ​​3.49 square kilometers. The Qaidam Desert is located in the hinterland of the Qaidam Basin, a huge inland basin in the northeastern part of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau.

With an altitude of 2500-3000 meters, it is the highest desert distribution area in China.

干旱程度由东向西增大，东部年降水量在50～170毫米，干燥度2.1～9.0；西部年降水量仅10～25毫米，干燥度在9.0～20.0。

The basin presents a landscape of wind erosion, sand dunes, Gobi desert, salt lakes and salt plains intertwined with each other. "

"Can Desert Light survive at such a high altitude?"

"I'm talking about the kind of survival that excludes human intervention." Jiang Fan stared at Jiao Guoyun and asked.

This desert is too high. It would be very troublesome to work on the plateau. If we add that a large area of ​​desert light freezes to death in one winter, then it will be in vain!

Jiao Guoyun immediately explained: "Boss, don't worry, my Desert Lights are all cold-resistant."

"only……"

"Just what?" Jiang Fan immediately asked. "The Qaidam Desert has a high altitude, cold weather, sparsely populated areas, and less impact on China. The company can prioritize the Qaidam Desert."

The Qaidam Desert is located on the plateau. No matter how much desertification expands, it will not expand beyond the basin and will have little impact on other areas of China.

Unlike other deserts, improper management leads to the expansion of the desert and the occurrence of sandstorms. These sandstorms will affect the entire north, especially the capital. Sandstorms in the capital are very embarrassing.

Jiang Fan thought for a moment, did not refute, and made arrangements: "That's right, this desert management plan is on hold, but I will arrange some Desert Light planting pilots to collect data and prepare for future large-scale management."

Although Pangu Xinhuo is powerful, large-scale desert control will definitely result in losses at the beginning. No matter how big the company is, it cannot invest infinitely. His philosophy has always been not to lose money, so he will follow the example of Elion Green Resources Group in desert control. In this way, we will look for some output while managing the desert.

It would be perfect if each desert could be self-sufficient while being managed.

So let’s talk about this plateau and the desert later!
Suddenly Jiang Fan became serious and said seriously: "The Taklimakan Desert is located in the center of the Tarim Basin. It is the largest desert in China, the tenth largest desert in the world, and the second largest mobile desert in the world.

整个沙漠东西长约1000公里，南北宽约400公里，面积达33万平方公里。平均年降水不超过100毫米，最低只有四五毫米；而平均蒸发量却高达2500～3400毫米。

Here, pyramid-shaped sand dunes stand 300 meters above the plain.Strong winds can lift the sand wall up to three times its height.

The sand dunes in the desert stretch continuously, and are affected by the wind, and the sand dunes often move.

One-third of the year is windy and sandy.

In spring, when the surface sand warms, updrafts develop and northeasterly winds are particularly strong.During this period, severe hurricane dust storms often occur, filling the atmosphere with sand and dust, which can reach as high as 3962 meters above sea level.Winds from other directions also lift dust mist into the air, shrouding the Taklimakan Desert almost all year round.

During the day, the Taklimakan red sun is scorching, the silver sand is dazzling, and the sand surface temperature is sometimes as high as 70 to 80 degrees. The strong evaporation makes the surface scenery erratic. Desert travelers often see hazy "mirages" appearing in the distance.

"

Jiao Guoyun also looked solemn. The largest of the other deserts is only 4 square kilometers. As long as proper measures are taken and sufficient manpower and material resources are invested, there is a possibility of successful treatment, but the Taklimakan Desert is too big.

Jiang Fan looked at Jiao Guoyun and continued: "The moisture in the Tarim Basin mainly comes from westerly airflow, which enters the basin from Central Asia across the valleys of the southern Tianshan Mountains (such as the Kizi River Valley) or from the Junggar Basin across the Tianshan passes (such as Hami and WLMQ).

The precipitation in the basin is sparse, with 85 mm in Wush and 57 mm in Aksu on the western edge of the basin; 63 mm and 52 mm in Kuqa and Korla on the northern edge; and from west to east on the southern edge, Atush 78 mm, Kashgar 65 mm, and Hotan 35 mm. Ruoqiang 17mm.

The precipitation in the basin itself cannot form runoff, but the annual precipitation in the surrounding mountainous areas reaches 200 to 400 mm, which can form rivers and reach the basin.

The larger rivers include the Yarkand, Kizil, Gezi, Hotan, Keriya, and Cheerchen (Qiemo) rivers in the south, and the Aksu, Tailan, Weigan, Kuqa, and Kaidu (downstream) rivers in the north. Called Peacock) and other rivers.

Under natural conditions, the above-mentioned rivers can merge into the Tarim River; in the case of large-scale water diversion for irrigation, there are only three major rivers, Aksu, Hotan, and Yarkand, that currently flow into the Tarim River.

The annual runoff flowing from the surrounding mountainous areas to the basin is about 370 billion cubic meters. The area east of 84° east longitude accounts for 45%, generating 18% of the annual runoff. Adding the 32 billion cubic meters of water transported eastward by the Tarim River, it actually accounts for 26 %; the western area accounts for 55%, generating 82% of the annual runoff, minus the eastward transport part, and actually accounts for 74%.

Lop Nur in the eastern part of the basin is the end point of the Tarim River. It used to be called a wandering lake. In fact, the lake itself is not wandering.

"

“The Yarkand River, Tarim River, Hotan River and Cheerchen River run through both sides.

The Tarim Basin is an endorheic basin in which all runoff from the surrounding mountains is collected in the basin itself, supplying water to rivers and groundwater.

Most of the groundwater under the desert has continuous water channels, flowing from the west to Lop Nur in the east.

The rivers in the Kunlun Mountains penetrate into the desert for 100 to 200 kilometers and gradually dry up in the desert.

The Hotan River crosses the hinterland of the desert and occasionally flows into the Tarim River in summer.

"

Jiang Fan stroked Desert Light 3 and sighed: "The Taklimakan Desert seems to have many water systems and good water resources, but the most difficult thing about the Taklimakan Desert is that the sand dunes in the desert are mobile. After a day, the sand dunes are likely to be It just moved a few meters or dozens of meters."

"There is no way, the wind in the Taklimakan Desert is too strong."

"The entire desert is a mobile desert under the influence of strong winds. Although we can use the grid planting method to fix the sand, our year's efforts are likely to be wasted in the face of dust reaching an altitude of 3962 meters every spring. "

When Jiao Guoyun heard this, he looked anxious and said anxiously: "Boss..."

Jiang Fan interrupted: "Don't worry, I will still manage the Taklimakan Desert."

"I will send people to plant trees along the river, starting from the river, and gradually control the desert."

At this point, he sighed and said helplessly: "It's just that I'm not sure how to manage the Taklimakan Desert. This desert is too big."

"Most other deserts are about tens of kilometers wide from north to south and hundreds of kilometers long from east to west."

"The desert is dozens of kilometers wide. As long as I am willing to invest a lot of manpower and material resources, it is possible to make the desert completely green in a few years."

"But the Taklimakan Desert is likely to take decades. Coupled with the impact of strong winds, it is estimated to take hundreds of years."

In fact, there were other reasons that he didn't say.

After the Tarim Oilfield was completed and put into production in 1989, it gradually became the energy center of the western region.

Crude oil production continues to grow, and natural gas production also surges from about 2004 billion cubic meters in 14 to 2009 billion cubic meters in 181, becoming one of the main gas sources for the "West-East Gas Transmission" project.

However, the consequence of large-scale oil exploitation is that the groundwater level in the basin continues to decline, which can be seen from the changes in Lop Nur.

(End of this chapter)