Super-divine civilization begins with the civilian use of dark energy technology

Chapter 210 237 Chapter [-] The Current Situation of Domestic Deserts
Jiang Fan thought about it and said: "The main deserts in the country include the Taklimakan Desert, Gurbantunggut Desert, Badain Jaran Desert, Tengger Desert, Mu Us Desert, Kumtag Desert, and Kubuqi Desert."

“The Mu Us Desert covers an area of ​​approximately 4.22 square kilometers.

There is a lot of precipitation (250400 mm), which is conducive to plant growth. It was originally an area with relatively developed animal husbandry, and the area of ​​fixed and semi-fixed sand dunes is large. "

"The reason for its formation is that due to unreasonable reclamation, climate change and war, the ground vegetation was completely lost, and sand was raised on the spot, forming what was later called a desert (sand land).

The Mu Us Desert gradually expanded over a period of 2000 years. Sand began to accumulate around the Tang Dynasty, and by the Ming and Qing Dynasties it had become a vast desert. "

“Since 1959, people have vigorously built windbreaks, diverted water to remove sand, diverted floods to silt the land, and carried out huge projects to transform the desert.

Unremitting ecological management at the beginning of the 21st century has caused more than 600 million acres of quicksand in the Mu Us Desert to "stop" and become green.

榆市已在沙漠腹地营造起万亩以上成片林165处，建成了总长1500公里的4条大型防护林带，造林保存面积1629万亩，林草覆盖率由0.9%提高到25%。

More than 860 million acres of the city's 600 million acres of quicksand have been fixed or semi-fixed, achieving regional desertification reversal.

The annual sand and dust weather has been reduced from more than 60 days in the 70s to 20s to less than 10 days.

Now it has been built into an "oasis on the fortress". The quiet Yuxi River flows through the bustling urban area, with lush willows on both sides; the vast Hongjiannao River is rippling with blue waves, and gulls are flying by the lake.

This is the result of one city's governance. The province's forest coverage rate has increased from 28.8% to 31%.

The land desertification and sandification monitoring results released by the Provincial Forestry Department in June 2005 showed that compared with 6, the area of ​​desertified land decreased by 1999 million acres, the area of ​​desertified land decreased by 189 acres, and the area of ​​extremely severe and severe desertification decreased by more than 30 million acres.

So far, 80% of the Mu Us Desert has been controlled, water and soil loss has stopped, and the annual sediment load of the Yellow River has been reduced by a full [-] million tons.

Due to good rainfall, many sandy lands are now woodlands, grasslands and fertile fields.

Yushi, the "desert capital", has become a "desert oasis".

On April 2020, 4, the Forestry Bureau announced that the desertification land control rate in Yucheng had reached 22%, which means that the Mu Us Desert is about to "disappear" from the provincial territory.

"

"The Mu Us Desert has completed the first step of preventing and controlling desertification, entered the second step of using sand for sand protection, and has also begun to move towards the third step of awakening the desert's self-ecological cycle system."

"I believe that in the near future this area will become fertile with water and grass, have pleasant scenery, and become a good pasture, so the Mu Us Desert does not need our control."

Jiang Fan paused and continued: "The Kubuqi Desert is located on the south bank of the Yellow River in the "Ji" bend of the Yellow River in the Hetao Plain (some people call it the Hetao Desert). To the north is the Yellow River, and to the north is the Langshan area in the western section of the Yinshan Mountains. .”

"It is 400 kilometers long and 50 kilometers wide, with a total area of ​​about 1.39 square kilometers. Mobile sand dunes account for about 61%, and the dunes are 10 to 60 meters high."

"According to the "Book of Songs", the ancient city of Shuofang appeared on the Kubuqi grassland during the Western Zhou Dynasty 3000 years ago. At that time, the area was densely forested, with abundant water and grass, lush greenery, and herds of cattle and sheep. my country's ancient ethnic minorities were as diverse as The Rong, Di and Xiongnu all once thrived here."

"From the late Shang Dynasty to the Warring States Period, the climate became dry, cold and windy, exposing the sand sources and providing dynamic conditions. Therefore, it can be said that the Kubuqi Desert should have been formed during this period. Ancient cultural sites and The rarity of the relics also shows that the ecological environment during this period was very harsh."

“The eastern part of the Kubuqi Desert has better moisture conditions and is a semi-arid area; the western part has less precipitation and has entered an arid area.

This desert area has good light, heat and water, which is suitable for the growth of food crops and cash crops.The eastern, central and western parts of the desert have their own characteristics. The central and eastern parts have more rainfall, while the western part is rich in heat.

There are about 10 seasonal gullies originating from the north side of the plateau ridge in the middle and eastern parts of the plateau, flowing longitudinally through them. They are characterized by long gullies, floods in summer and dryness in winter, and high sand content.

On both sides of the ditches flowing through the desert, there are often valley terraces of varying sizes.The groundwater is buried 1 to 3 meters deep and the soil fertility is high, creating a dotted oasis landscape, forming superior microclimate conditions.

There is little surface water in the west and water sources are scarce. Only the Sharimolin River disappears into the desert to the northwest.

The groundwater in the western end and northern part of the desert is affected by the Yellow River, with a burial depth of 1 to 3 meters. The water quality is good and it is also within the Yellow River irrigation area.

"

"Since its establishment in 1979, the Desert Forest Center of the Academy of Forestry has been engaged in forest-based regional ecological management and development in the northeastern Kubuqi Desert. It has a long-term work foundation, complete facilities, supporting hydropower, forest canals and roads, and high-quality scientific and technological personnel , in the prime of life, with skilled observation assistants and comprehensive skills.

Since 1982, three ground weather stations have been established in the desert area outside the oasis, the edge area of ​​the oasis, and the central area of ​​the oasis forest network. The observation contents include air temperature, ground temperature, wind speed, wind direction, humidity, evaporation, precipitation, sunshine hours, Atmospheric dustfall and solar radiation.The station instrument configuration is implemented in accordance with the national grassroots ground station specifications.Some projects are equipped with automatic recording devices.

Currently, two stations have been working continuously, accumulated a large amount of observation data, and established an information database with more than 40 observation data. 12 groundwater dynamic monitoring wells.

The soil and moisture laboratory has complete conventional instruments, fixed personnel, and skilled operating techniques. It conducts long-term analysis of soil and moisture in the test area and has accumulated a large amount of data. It also has 386 AST-486 and AST-2 microcomputers, and has dedicated personnel. The operation provides convenience for establishing a desert ecological information database.

However, the Academy of Forestry is doing more monitoring, and the main force in Kubuqi Desert management is local companies.

"

“In 1988, out of its love for deserts and concerns about desertification, Elion Green Resources Group set out to restore Kubuqi’s former glory and embarked on a journey to control desertification.

Kubuqi native and later the boss of Elion resigned from his system job at that time and took the initiative to participate in the bidding to be the director of a salt farm below. At that time, the salt farm was in a loss-making state and the production status was not good. However, the first thing he did when he took office was to manage Sand, he asked the salt farm to use 5 yuan to plant trees around the salt lake for every ton of salt sold. The 5 yuan spent on sand control restored the salt farm to production, turned losses into profits, and made 120 million.

Next, in order to go out, he decided to build a road through the sand. Trees and grass must be planted on both sides of the road through the sand, and sand barriers must be set up to prevent sand invasion and ensure a smooth road.

They used willow sticks inserted into a grid shape to lock the sand in the grid, and then planted wormwood in the sand.

After three years of construction, it was finally opened to traffic.

The "desert water vapor tree planting technology" they developed is not only fast but also has a very high survival rate of seedlings.At first it was just for survival, but later began large-scale desert control operations.

The company explored a composite ecological model in which desertification control and economy coexist, and adopted an alliance development approach of company + farmers, enterprise + base, to achieve a green cycle interaction between desertification control and economy, and in the end, the herders became rich. In 2012, after more than 20 years of construction, Elion built a 242-kilometer green ecological barrier to curb sandstorms in the north and reduce the amount of sand hanging over the capital.

The Academy of Environmental Sciences evaluated Elion Green Resources in 2012. The result was that the ecological restoration and greening area of ​​the Kubuqi Desert of Elion Green Resources was 5153km, and the desertification area was controlled at 1.1 square kilometers. In 25 years, it created 305.91 billion yuan in barren land. Gross Ecosystem Product in Yuan Yuan.

"

"In the past 30 years, the Kubuqi Desert's green economy has created tens of billions of ecological wealth, and has helped more than 10 people in the desert area get rid of poverty."

"The biological diversity of the Kubuqi Desert has been significantly restored. More than 100 species of wild animals and plants that have been extinct for many years, such as swans, hares, and Populus euphratica, have appeared. In 2013, 70-80 gray cranes came to the desert, and in 2014, groups of gray cranes appeared again. red-crowned crane.

It has more than 100 biological sand-fixing planting methods: such as the airflow method, which can be completed in more than ten seconds, and the licorice nitrogen-fixing method, which allows a large area of ​​black soil to appear in the desert. These technologies have broken through the problem of sand control and liberated productivity.

Local people plant licorice to improve the soil. Licorice has a large amount of nitrogen fixation and has obvious soil improvement effect. A licorice root is a nitrogen-fixing factory.

The "licorice fixation of nitrogen, sand control and soil improvement" technology has expanded the area of ​​​​a licorice tree to control sand from 1 square meters to 0.1 square meter, turning a large area of ​​desert into organic soil, and building a licorice and Cistanche deserticola Chinese herbal medicine industry chain; at the same time, it also fully Taking advantage of the rich light and heat resources in the desert, modern agriculture based on greenhouses and water-saving irrigation agriculture has been developed on a large scale, and desert watermelons, desert cantaloupes, desert cucumbers, desert tomatoes, etc. have been grown.

In 1988, the annual rainfall in Kubuqi was less than 100mm. In 2016, the annual rainfall reached 456mm. In 1988, there were less than 10 biological species in Kubuqi. In 2016, the biological species reached 530 species. In 2016, Kubuqi had The per capita annual income reached 15354 yuan; in 1988, Kubuqi’s vegetation coverage rate was only 3% to 5%. In 2016, the vegetation coverage rate reached 53%.

"

"These achievements show that the Kubuqi Desert is now in good condition."

Jiang Fan looked at Jiao Guoyun seriously and continued: "We don't need to take care of the Kubuqi Desert. We can just leave it to Elion Green Resources Group."

"But I will promote our plants to them. My plants can absorb water from the air and can speed up the progress of greening the Kubuqi Desert."

Jiao Guoyun nodded and suggested: "Boss, I think we should learn from Elion Green Resources Group. Their model is very effective."

Jiang Fan praised: "I admire the boss of Elion Green Resources Group very much. He is a truly conscientious entrepreneur."

"I will send a study team to learn desert control from Elion Green Resources Group."

The Kubuqi Desert is one of the deserts that is easier to manage in China. This desert has the Yellow River, and the underground water is only 1 to 3 meters deep. There is actually no shortage of water. All you need to do is plant drought-tolerant plants.

Even so, Jiang Fan admires the boss of Elion Green Resources Group very much, because while he is fighting desertification, he also leads people out of poverty. This is worth learning.

Jiao Guoyun looked excited and suggested: "Boss, can you let me lead the team?"

"Sorry, you can't go out before the ten-year period is up." Jiang Fan refused without thinking.

Of course he believes in Jiao Guoyun's character, but belief does not mean he is willing to take risks. People's hearts should not be tested easily. This is a wise saying, and he knowingly committed the crime.

As soon as he finished speaking, Jiang Fan saw Jiao Guoyun's sad expression, so he smiled and comforted: "The company will select suitable people to study, and I will ask them to write about their learning experience, and then I will share the skills and learning experience they have learned." Give it to you and it won’t delay your research.”

"Elion Green Resources Group is a private company, and the company's previous negotiations are indispensable. Even if it agrees to teach us, there are still many people and sophistication involved. I don't know how long it will take for us to really learn it."

"You are an important scientific researcher. Your time should not be wasted on such nonsense. You should focus on studying plants and inventing more desert plants."

Jiao Guoyun sighed helplessly. There were too many secrets in this experimental building. Judging from Jiang Fan's attitude, he would not be able to get out in the short term.

Fortunately, he can do what he wants here and conduct biological research to his heart's content, which is acceptable.

姜凡看焦国云不再纠结这个，就继续说道：“腾格里沙漠位于北纬37°30′至40°，东经102°20′至106°。

The Great Wall of South Vietnam reaches Helan Mountain in the east and Yabulai Mountain in the west.

It is 240 kilometers long from north to south and 160 kilometers wide from east to west, with a total area of ​​about 4.3 square kilometers. It is the fourth largest desert in China.It is the eastern part of Alxa Desert, at the bottom of Yin'e Basin.

The desert includes Nanjiling in the north and Tengger in the south, and is commonly referred to as the Tengger Desert.

Inside, there are sand dunes, lake basins, grassy beaches, mountains, residual hills and plains distributed staggeredly.

Sand dunes account for 71% of the area, and are mainly mobile sand dunes. Most of them are grid-shaped dune chains and crescent-shaped dune chains, with heights ranging from 10 to 20 meters (33 to 66 feet). "

"The climate is controlled by westerly circulation all year round. It is a typical continental climate in the mid-temperate zone, with scarce precipitation. The average annual precipitation is 102.9 mm, the maximum annual precipitation is 150.3 mm, and the minimum annual precipitation is 33.3 mm."

"Although rainfall is sparse, it is mostly concentrated from July to August. Rain and heat occur in the same season, which provides better water and heat conditions for the growth of annual grasses and other small grasses in summer."

"There are a total of 422 lake basins, half of which have accumulated water and are residual lakes that have dried up or retreated."

“So I plan to have companies move in and start planting trees using lakes in the desert as a starting point.”

"By the way, will the plant you modified still absorb moisture from the air when it has sufficient water?"

“The Desert Light I transformed mainly absorbs moisture from the air. If the moisture in the air can keep the Desert Light alive, it will not absorb moisture from the ground.

As long as the air humidity exceeds 8%, Desert Light can survive on water vapor in the air. The water vapor at the lake is likely to exceed 25%. Desert Light can survive on water vapor in the air all year round. It will only lock in water and will not consume it. water. "Jiao Guoyun said confidently.

He understands the key points of desert management clearly and knows that absorbing water vapor in the air is the most important.

(End of this chapter)