I watched Er Chuang’s short video, and everything went numb!

[Seventh, personal attack. ]

[This kind of logical fallacy is the most straightforward and the most immoral. It means that no matter what you are arguing about, I will attack you instead of the matter. ]

[Your characteristics, background, and appearance can all be used as evidence to slander you. ]

[For example, if you are bullied by someone, someone will say, why doesn't he bully others but you? Isn't it because you have a problem? ]

[The way to subdue the fallacy of personal attack is to attack you personally. ]

[Don't be polite to the sophists who attack you personally, because they have no intention of reasoning with you. In essence, it is no different from cursing on the street. ]

[So, you can attack them all at once until they become autistic. ]

[Of course, you can also block them decisively to save time and effort. ]

……

Many ancient people in all dynasties nodded, and that's what they should do.

In their opinion, this kind of personal attack has nothing to do with verbal debate.

It is completely intentional, so there is no need to be polite, and we should fight back fiercely.

……

[Eight, random cause and effect. ]

[You don’t even know this word, you must have never been to college. ]

[I saw a black cat when I went out this morning, no wonder I am so unlucky today]

[The top student drinks milk every day, so if you drink milk, you can also be a top student. ]

[These are all logical fallacies of random cause and effect. ]

[If you look carefully, the attribution of each sentence is not quite the same. ]

[Sentence 1: I judge that you have never been to college just because you don’t know a certain word. Inferring a conclusion without sufficient evidence is called false cause fallacy. ]

[Sentence 2: Just because you saw the black cat first and the unlucky thing happened later, you put the responsibility on the black cat, which is called the fallacy of post hoc. 】

[Sentence 3: Studying well and drinking milk just happen to happen together. A top student is still a top student even if he doesn't drink milk. There is no relationship between the two in essence. This is called the correlation fallacy. 】

[Refute the sophist's random cause and effect, you can also make random cause and effect. 】

[For example: I saw a magpie when I went out this morning, and I didn't pick up any money today; the top student in our class is named Zhao, do I have to change my surname to Zhao? 】

……

Spring and Autumn and Warring States plane.

Gongsun Long stared at the giant screen in the sky, thinking constantly in his heart.

"False cause fallacy? Post hoc fallacy? Correlation fallacy?"

"Interesting, really interesting."

Gongsun Long's eyes became brighter and brighter.

He and Hui Shi were the famous scholars who were the pioneers of Chinese logical thought exploration and also liked to debate.

Therefore, he was very interested in the knowledge about the later logical theories on the huge screen in the sky.

……

[Nine, slippery slope fallacy. ]

[Let me give you an example. ]

[For example: If you don’t study hard, you won’t be able to get into college, if you don’t get into college, you won’t be able to find a job, and if you can’t find a job, you won’t be able to make money., if you can't make money, you have to beg for food. 】

……

"That's right."

Many ancient people in the past dynasties agreed with this statement.

But at the same time.

On the other side.

Some other ancient people frowned.

This sentence sounds like there is nothing wrong with it.

But they always feel that something is wrong.

……

[The sophists of this fallacy often use a long string of causal inferences. 】

[It seems to be fine, but in fact, the causal strength is exaggerated in each link, and the possible probabilistic events are deliberately described as inevitable events. 】

……

"Is that so?"

In many dynasties, those ancient people who felt it was wrong at the beginning vaguely understood it a little.

……

[To refute the slippery slope fallacy, you can fight back. If he slides, you slide too. 】

[For example: If I don’t play games, I can’t balance work and rest. If I don’t balance work and rest, I’m a nerd. If I become a nerd, I won’t be able to take care of myself. I can’t take care of myself and I’ll be a useless person when I grow up. If you don’t want me to become a useless person, then let me play games for a while. 】

The barrage flew out:

“666, impeccable!”

“Take the person’s own way, hahaha.”

“However, if you really say that, your parents will only silently pull out their belts.”

“Reply——It hurts, my friend.”

“…”

Many ancient people in all dynasties smiled.

This countermeasure proposed by later generations is really interesting.

…

[The above nine logical fallacies are the most common and easiest logical traps we fall into when chatting with others. 】

【Friends in front of the screen are naturally not those who are professional nitpickers and professional trolls. 】

【But we have to understand the toxic logic they usually use. 】

【Because it is inevitable that there will be people with ulterior motives who will intentionally or unintentionally lead the rhythm and affect our emotions and cognition. 】

……

After watching the conclusion at the end of the video.

Many ancient people in all dynasties nodded in agreement.

They also believe that learning some knowledge in this area is indeed beneficial.

Even if it is just used to quarrel with others, winning the quarrel can make you feel happy, right?

……

In the sky-high giant screen.

The video is refreshed.

A new video appears.

【Can the cold weapons made of modern steel and technology crush the ancient cold weapons? 】

……

Seeing the title of this new video, many ancient people from all dynasties were instantly refreshed and focused their attention.

This topic is very interesting.

They are also curious about the answer to this question.

And.

Almost at the same time.

Many ancient people also had their own answers to this question.Opinion.

……

The Hongwu plane of the Ming Dynasty.

Zhu Yuanzhang asked Zhu Biao:

"Boss, what do you think about this question?"

"Can the cold weapons made by the later generations really crush the cold weapons made by our Ming Dynasty?"

Hearing this, Zhu Biao pondered for a moment, and then replied:

"Dad, I think it should be possible. After all, the technology of the later generations is much stronger than our Ming Dynasty."

"I don't think so. Although the later generations are stronger than us, they are all making swords. No matter how strong they are, there is a limit."

Zhu Yuanzhang expressed his thoughts.

He felt that if it came to weapons in the later generations, they would definitely crush his Ming Dynasty in all aspects without distinction.

But when it comes to cold weapons such as swords, he doesn't think it will be so.

Strong, it must be stronger than the Ming Dynasty.

But he didn't believe it when he said that it was crushing.

They were both forged swords, could the later generations do something different?

……

[Because of the popularity of time-travel novels, similar statements have begun to appear on the Internet. ]

[Nowadays, any kitchen knife you buy in the supermarket is better than the precious swords and sabers of ancient times. ]

……

"Isn't this statement a bit too outrageous?"

Many ancient people in the past dynasties were shocked at first, and then, doubt flashed in their eyes.

The Ming plane.

Shen Kuo was quite unconvinced.

The forging technology of later generations is strong, but to say that any kitchen knife is better than the precious swords and sabers of ancient times is too much of a disdain for the precious swords and sabers of ancient times.

Well, the reason why he reacted so strongly was actually because he was also a swordsmith.

In his book Mengxi Bi Tan, there is an article called "Use of Equipment", which analyzes and studies the various aspects of ancient sword-making technology in depth.

He believes that the swords and knives carefully forged in later generations must be stronger than those in ancient times.

But it's just a kitchen knife...

He doesn't believe it can be so powerful.

……

[Even. ]

[Some people believe that if you use modern steel to make a set of armor and swords, and travel to the ancient battlefield, you will be invulnerable to swords and easily cut off the ancient swords and swords, cut open the enemy's armor, and you will definitely be invincible. ]

[So, is it really so? ]

[Today, let's talk about this issue. ]

……

After reading the preface.

The eyes of many ancient people in all dynasties looking at the giant screen in the sky became more focused.

They want to see what's so great about the forging technology of later generations?

Can it really easily crush the ancient swords? (To read exciting novels, go to Faloo Novel Network!)

……

[In fact, although modern metallurgy is far more advanced than ancient times, the strength of modern metallurgy is the mass production of metal parts with stable quality. ]

The barrage flew out:

"This is the crushing advantage, the armor of a hundred thousand troops,Swords can be made in a factory in a month. In ancient times, it might take several generations to make them. ”

“Reply - Be confident. It doesn't take a month at all. It can be made in a week or two.”

“Reply - Indeed, it is conservative to produce equipment for 100,000 people in a month on a large-scale assembly line.”

“…”

Many ancient people from all dynasties saw this and couldn't help but exclaimed:

“The industrial production capacity of later generations is really terrifying. ”

They had no doubts about the descriptions of the industrial manufacturing capabilities of later generations in the barrage.

Because they had already learned about the relevant content in many previous videos.

……

[The blade materials of modern metallurgy have indeed improved the performance of the blade materials of fine swords and knives made by ancient metallurgy.]

[However, this improvement is not at all to the point of crushing.]

[First of all, the fine swords and knives of ancient times are not inferior to the anti-ancient swords and knives on the market in terms of blade material performance alone.][]

……

“Really? ”

Many ancient people in the past dynasties were somewhat unsure about the statement on the giant screen in front of them.

The main reason was that they had seen too many powerful and magical things in the future from the previous giant screen. In their hearts, they felt that the future should be stronger than the ancient times in all aspects.

What they just questioned was that the kitchen knives of the future were stronger than the precious swords and sabers of the ancient times.

But they didn’t dare to think about comparing them with the precious swords and sabers of the future.

Because they felt that the precious swords and sabers of the future would definitely be stronger than the precious swords and sabers of the ancient times. It must be stronger than the ancient ones.

Therefore.

This view on the giant screen at this time surprised them.

……

[As early as the Western Han Dynasty in China, the technology of making swords was already quite mature. ]

[For example, many swords were unearthed from the tomb of Liu Sheng, King Jing of Zhongshan, all of which were made of low-carbon steel carburized and folded forged. ]

[After surface carburization and final partial quenching, the blade area has a high hardness, and the blade and back are tough. Good properties. ]

[Li Zude of the Imperial City Powder Metallurgy Research Institute and Li Yang of the Cultural Relics Publishing House published a paper titled "Ancient Chinese Block Ironmaking Technology" in the March 1999 issue of the "Powder Metallurgy Materials Science and Engineering" magazine. ]

[The paper said that a sword unearthed from Liu Sheng's tomb, after metallographic analysis, was found to have low-carbon and high-carbon stratification in the core. After surface carburization, the carbon content was more than 0.6%...]

[The blade has quenched martensite , upper dorsi structure was observed in some areas, the hardness of the blade reached 900 to 1170HV and the inside 220 to 300HV]

[The sword was heat treated by local quenching, and the bottom was pearlite with a small amount of ferrite structure, which has strong toughness and excellent performance of combining rigidity and flexibility. ]

[This ancient sword, which has been repeatedly forged, partially penetrated, hard outside and tough inside, has performance and parameters that can be said to be far beyond the general antique swords that can be seen on the market now. ]

The bullet screen flew out:

"To be honest, the data of this sword is somewhat outrageous. The hardness of 1170HV is already the hardness of quartz. The smelting level in ancient times could not have reached such a high level."

"Reply-this hardness may not be the hardness of martensite structure."

"Reply-maybe this is a famous sword in ancient times, using special skills."

"..."

See the debate of later generations on the sword unearthed from Liu Sheng's tomb in the bullet screen.

In many dynasties, especially in the Western Han Dynasty, many ancient people inexplicably had a sense of pride and pride in their hearts.

It's similar to how they have been shocked by various magical things in later generations, and finally there were things in ancient times that shocked later generations.

It's basically this kind of psychology.

...

[As for the real feel, let alone. ]

[The biggest difference between modern antique swords and ancient swords lies in this. 】

[The center of gravity of a good sword cannot be too far forward or too far back. 】

[The width of the blade of the whole sword cannot be uniform, and the final position must be near the guard. 】

[In this way, when chopping or weapons collide, the blade vibrates, and the center of the vibration point is near the guard of the sword, which can avoid vibration to the greatest extent. 】

[Modern metallurgy can quickly mass-produce swords of medium and high quality. 】

[However, when it comes to top-level swords, the feel of modern swords is not as good as that of ancient swords. 】

[After all, long swords and long knives are no longer used in combat, and no one has studied how to make long swords and long knives so that they feel better in combat. 】

The barrage flew out:

"The feel problem is not that it cannot be solved in later generations, but it is not necessary. If it is really solved, with the current ergonomic research, it can definitely be done better than in ancient times."

"Although, modern antique swords are not weapons, they are used as craft decorations, and they will definitely not rely on this problem."

"It is no problem to say that ancient swords feel better than the antique swords on the market now, but modern swords with better feel can be made, but there is no need to do this."

"..."

Many ancient people in all dynasties understood the meaning of these later people in the barrage.

There are so many various and powerful hot weapons in later generations, so naturally no one cares whether cold weapons such as swords are easy to use.

Just like they will not study whether wooden swords and wooden swords are easy to use after they have iron swords.

……

[In summary, the argument that a kitchen knife can be used as a magic weapon in ancient times is not reliable. ]

[A good knife in ancient times is stronger than an ordinary kitchen knife on the market. ]

……

Many ancient people in all dynasties nodded in agreement.

They also hold this view.

……

[In addition. ]

[Let’s put aside the fact that the hardness of fine ancient swords is not low. ]

[In a 1.2 sword-to-sword fight, a few degrees of hardness difference will not make any difference when the swords collide. ]

[Two swords with the same appearance and a hardness difference of 5 to 10 HRC clash with each other, and the result is that both swords are damaged. ]

[Even if the wound of the one with lower hardness is deep, it is only 1 to 3 mm. ]

[It is impossible to cut an ancient sword with a modern sword. ]

[Even if the steel bar of low carbon steel without heat treatment is about half as hard as a good sword. ]

[But if you really use a good sword to cut such a soft and hard bar with half the hardness, it is impossible to cut it with one blow. ]

[After all, no matter how soft it is, it is still steel, not plasticine. ]

[So, if you want to use a modern sword to cut an ancient sword with one blow, you probably have to go back to the Bronze Age. It is still possible to use a steel sword to cut a bronze sword. 】

Barrage of comments:

"Don't ancient swords have the saying of "cutting iron like mud"? With modern material technology, there is no reason why it can't be done?"

"Reply - Well, in ancient times, the iron in "cutting iron like mud" usually refers to wrought iron, which is very soft and not even as hard as bone."

"Reply - The ancients didn't know much about metals. Iron was called iron, and brass was also called iron. The iron in "cutting iron like mud" is not necessarily real iron."

"Reply - Then any modern kitchen knife or antique sword will definitely not work. , but with modern materials science and technology, if you spare no expense to make a precious sword that can cut iron like mud in ancient times, I think it is all about it. ”

“Reply——Yes, for example, use titanium alloy as the back of the blade, sandwich segmented powder steel in the middle, and sandwich high manganese steel in the direction of the blade.”

“Reply——The carbide tool specially used for various metals on the CNC lathe can really cut iron like mud, it seems to be called tungsten carbide steel.”

“…”

After reading the various discussions in the barrage, many ancient people in the past dynasties were a little confused.

As for whether the future generations can make a precious sword that can easily cut ancient swords, they can’t find a clear answer..