I watched Er Chuang’s short video, and everything went numb!

【Originally, according to King Wu of Zhou, I gave you the land, and you treated me as your elder brother, which is natural. 】

【But the princes did not think so. They believed that these lands were conquered by us, and what did the Zhou royal family have to do with them? 】

【Therefore, the princes ruled their own territories, gradually lost their awe of the Zhou royal family, and even had a rebellious heart. 】

……

The emperors of many unified dynasties in the past dynasties were not surprised by this.

There are inevitable reasons why the feudal system withdrew from the historical stage and was replaced by the unified centralized system.

They were very clear about the disadvantages of the feudal system.

……

【So. 】

【Ji Dan came up with a 2.0 version of the feudal system. 】

【He divided people into four levels by fixing social ranks or classes. 】

【They are: king, princes, ministers, and commoners. 】

【People in these four classes perform their duties according to different divisions of labor and clarify their positions in society. 】

【The Zhou royal family, princes, ministers, and officials all enjoy certain privileges and do not need to participate in labor production. They are collectively called the aristocracy. 】

【The commoners are responsible for cultivating the land and are the producers of social resources. 】

【They need to give one-ninth of their output to the nobles and have the right to ask the nobles to provide shelter and protect their lives and property. 】

【In this way, a social relationship of commoners relying on nobles was formed. 】

【This social relationship was originally generated naturally based on the production method of the Western Zhou Dynasty. 】

【But Ji Dan transformed this production relationship into a fixed class system through a series of operations. 】

【From then on, everyone's identity was fixed to a certain social class by this system. 】

The barrage flew out:

"Aren't there still slaves?"

"Reply--Under this system, slaves are not considered human beings, and their status is equivalent to that of livestock."

"Reply--Wow, how come this gives me a sense of déjà vu of the Indian caste system, with the same four levels, plus one level that is not considered human."

"Reply--That's still quite different, it's not the same thing, the Western Zhou is a political system, and the Indian caste system is a social system."

"Reply--Under the Western Zhou system, the upper class has obligations to the lower class, and the lower class has an upward channel, which is different from the Indian caste system."

"Reply--With this system, how do you achieve class advancement? It's too difficult."

"Reply--With the ruler's behavior of appointing virtuous people, recommendations from others, and military achievements, it is still possible for the elites in the middle and lower classes to move upward."

"..."

The plane of Emperor Taizong of the Tang Dynasty.

Li Shimin briefly recalled the content of the Asan Kingdom's caste system that he had seen in the previous video, and then he also thought that it was similar to the Western Zhou Dynasty.The feudal system of the Western Zhou Dynasty is essentially different from the 2.0 version.

However, this is not the focus of his thinking at this time.

Li Shimin is now thinking more about the feudal system of the Western Zhou Dynasty from the perspective of productivity development, that is, "the economic base determines the superstructure".

He thinks that the feudal system was implemented in the Western Zhou Dynasty at that time, most likely because of the limitation of productivity.

It was the lack of productivity that made the Western Zhou central government not have enough power to directly manage the country, so it could only implement the feudal system.

And the replacement of the feudal system by the unified system is also the result of the development of social productivity and further demand.

It is the development of productivity that gives the central government the power to directly manage the country.

At the same time, in order to further accelerate the development of social productivity, the country's resources must also be uniformly allocated and used, which requires centralization.

"The economic base determines the superstructure, this sentence in later generations is really a wise saying!"

Li Shimin sighed in his heart.

...

[So, how did Ji Dan do it specifically? 】

【The answer is through "ritual" and "music". 】

【The so-called "ritual" is the Zhou ritual, which is a set of written class system. 】

【The so-called "music" can be understood as cultural upbringing, which is a symbol of identity used to distinguish between nobles and commoners. 】

【According to the system of "Zhou Li", if the princes want the commoners to recognize their privileges, then the princes must first recognize the privileges of the Zhou emperor. 】

【If the princes want to rebel against the Zhou emperor, then the commoners can rebel against the princes. 】

【In this way, the status of the Zhou emperor highlights a "stable". 】

【Through this 2.0 version of the feudal system, Ji Dan brought more than 200 years of stability and prosperity to the Western Zhou Dynasty. 】

The barrage flew out:

"To be honest, in the context of the time, Zhou Gong's system was indeed very impressive and a very advanced civilized system."

"Using the inferior to conquer the superior and using loyalty to conquer the rebel, Zhou Gong was really good at it."

"Zhou Gong was a powerful figure."

"..."

In many dynasties after the Western Zhou Dynasty, many ancient people nodded slightly.

Those who have read history books naturally know this history.

And they also agree with the evaluation of Zhou Gong by later generations.

As the saying goes, "King Wen had great virtue but his achievements were not completed, King Wu had great achievements but his governance was not completed, and Zhou Gong combined great virtue, great achievements and great governance in one person."

In the ancient history of China, Zhou Gong can be said to be the most worthy of the first place in terms of the high evaluation he received as a minister.

……

【However, this system is also limited by the times. With the development of social productivity, problems began to emerge. 】

【During the more than 200 years of the Western Zhou Dynasty, the working people of the pre-Qin Dynasty opened up the two technologies of "ridge and furrow rotation" and "iron farm tools". 】

【As a result, the per-acre grain yield quadrupled compared to the beginning of the Western Zhou Dynasty. 】

【As a result of the abundance of food, the population of the Western Zhou Dynasty began to surge, and the civilian class gradually gained more material wealth. 】

[In addition, the land in the world had long been developed, and the conflict between population and land began to emerge. 】

……

"Malthusian Trap!"

In the dimension of Emperor Chengzu of the Ming Dynasty, Zhu Di's mind emerged with this term learned from the previous video.

Next.

He began to recall the relevant content of the Malthusian Trap.

"So, the chaos in the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period was the Malthusian Trap cycle at the bottom, the land could not support the population, and a certain amount of population had to be eliminated through war?"

"So, was the chaos at that time inevitable, or could it be changed through institutional adjustments?"

Zhu Di kept thinking in his mind.

It must be said that the knowledge gained from the high-altitude giant screen allowed Zhu Di to look at and analyze problems from more angles.

……

[The personal dependence of the common people on the nobles gradually disintegrated. ]

[The common people began to assume more obligations, but at the same time, they also asked the noble class to give up some rights. ]

[Thus, conflicts between different classes arose. ]

[In the eyes of the nobles, the feudal system of the Zhou emperor was originally a system to ensure that the people could be willingly exploited by the nobles in a sustainable manner. ]

[But now this system is not fun anymore. The common people are no longer dependent on the princes, so why should the princes be dependent on the Zhou emperor? ]

[Since this set of "Zhou Li" is no longer useful, why should we still abide by "Li Yue"? ]

[The consequence is the Spring and Autumn and Warring States period, which lasted for more than 500 years, with wars and killings, and the suffering of the people. 】

The barrage flew out:

"To put it bluntly, the production relations cannot keep up with the development of productivity."

"In fact, throughout the ages, there has only been one fundamental contradiction, that is, the division of the cake!"

"Reply-Yes, after the civilian class accumulated wealth, they had political demands, but the original aristocratic class was unwilling to accept them, and this caused a contradiction."

"Reply-to put it more simply, the interest groups above were unwilling to make concessions, so the people below began to resist, and then everything became chaotic."

"..."

Many ancient political elites in all dynasties nodded slightly.

The saying of "dividing the cake" by people in later generations is very vivid.

All problems in the country and society, in the final analysis, are problems of interest distribution.

But the problem is that everyone wants to get more benefits for themselves and let others get less benefits.

"Zero-sum game!"

In the dimension of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, this term of later generations emerged in Liu Che's mind.

……

[Before the collapse of rituals and music, there were also conflicts in the world. ]

[But in the world of the Western Zhou Dynasty, there was still the Zhou emperor who was the big brother who had the final say and maintained the Zhou rituals. ]

[The princes could still use the cultural identity generated by rituals and music toMaintain the world pattern of "one superpower and many strong countries". 】

【But now, "rituals and music have collapsed". 】

【Or, to put it another way, the development of productivity has caused the old class system that began in the Western Zhou Dynasty to collapse, but the new social system has not yet been rebuilt. 】

【And this is probably the historical background of the emergence of family disputes. 】 (To read the violent novels, go to Feilu Novel Network!)

……

Hearing this.

Many ancient people in all dynasties roughly understood it.

The emergence of "rituals and music have collapsed", to a certain extent, can actually be said to be the inevitable result of the development of productivity.

……

【So, what are the "hundred schools of thought" arguing about, and who is participating in the argument? 】

【Let's answer these two questions in combination with the historical background. 】

【For a world where the old order is collapsing and the new order has not yet been established, what is the most important thing? 】

[It’s nothing more than two: how to deal with the collapse of the old order and how to establish a new order? 】

The bullet screen flew out:

“Yes, the so-called Hundred Schools of Thought is actually the various factions proposing solutions to these two problems, and then arguing about whose solution is better.”

“Reply - This is just an appearance. The essence of the Hundred Schools of Thought is actually a class struggle around the distribution of interests!”

“Reply - What do you mean? How can it be a class struggle?”

“Reply - The so-called Hundred Schools of Thought also have their own class positions and represent the interests of different classes.”

“…”

Many ancient people in all dynasties were shocked.

They all learned about the history of “Hundred Schools of Thought” from history books.

But they never thought of looking at this issue from the perspective of “class struggle”.

Of course, before the appearance of the high-altitude giant screen, the ancients did not know the concept of “class struggle”.

After the giant screen appeared in the sky, I knew this concept, but I never thought about the "hundred schools of thought". []

"Is it really so?"

Many ancient people in the past dynasties pondered in their hearts.

……

[Around these two issues, many people put forward their own views. ]

[For example, military strategists are good at studying the skills of war. ]

[How to arrange troops, how to plot and plot, how to trap, cheat, and sneak attack. ]

[After all, after the collapse of rituals and music, all the princes in the world are fighting, and they don't fight according to the "Zhou Li". ]

[So, how to preserve yourself and attack the enemy in war is more practical than to engage in rituals and music. ]

[In the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, when everyone had wars to fight, military strategists should be the most direct and effective way to deal with the collapse of the old order. 】

【But it happened to be the military strategists who made the wars in the Spring and Autumn and Warring States periods less and less ethical. 】

【In the end, it even developed to alleviate the situation by slaughtering the population.The degree of contradiction between people and land. 】

……

The plane of Emperor Taizong of the Tang Dynasty.

Li Shimin looked at the giant screen in the sky and shook his head slightly.

In troubled times, the role of military strategists is very important.

However, it is difficult for military strategists to answer those two questions.

You can conquer the world immediately, but you cannot rule the world immediately.

Military strategists cannot establish a new system to replace the old system.

This is not because he has known the history of the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period.

It is because the military strategists themselves do not have a mature ideological theory on how to establish a new system.

……

[Since you military strategists do not talk about martial ethics, then our farmers will study more advanced agricultural technology to double the output of the land. ]

[In this way, you don’t have to fight, no one will die, and the world will be full of love. ]

[But no matter how the farmers improve their agricultural technology, they cannot escape the limitations of the times. 】

[Under the premise that the land stock cannot continue to grow, farmers will face a vicious cycle like "civilization continues to develop, but resources are limited." 】

[Therefore, farmers will soon disappear from history. 】

...

Spring and Autumn and Warring States plane.

Xu Xing, a representative of farmers, looked at the giant screen in the sky and sighed in his heart:

"If there are advanced agricultural technologies in the future, I believe that grain production can be greatly improved, and maybe there will be no need to fight for it."

As soon as this idea emerged, Xu Xing immediately thought of the "potato, corn and sweet potato" three-piece set far away in America.

As long as these 627 high-yield crops can be brought back to China, the problem of food shortage can be solved.

Xu Xing thought of the terrifying yields of potatoes, corn and sweet potatoes, and his eyes became firm.

No matter how much it costs, the farmers must bring these three things back from America.

…

[The military strategists fighting and the farmers farming can't solve the problem, so what about the strategists? ]

[Practice the skill of deception, deceive others' land into your own land, deceive others' population into your own population. ]

[Without fighting and without death, you can get resources by just talking, is it okay? ]

[The answer is no. ]

[Because while you are deceiving me, I am also deceiving you. ]

[Everyone is not a fool, and in the end, they will deceive each other, and the result is that no one can deceive anyone. ]

[Others, such as famous scholars who are good at debate and generalists who are good at tricks, are generally the same. 】

【They all want to improve their skills in some aspects to cope with the reality of the collapse of rituals and music, so these schools are not worthy of participating in the debate. 】

……

Spring and Autumn and Warring States plane.

The military strategists, agriculturalists, diplomats, celebrities, and miscellaneous scholars were furious when they heard the last sentence.

"What nonsense!"

"Nonsense!"

"You are talking nonsense!"

Many people from these schools started to denounce.

They were really upset at the moment.

In their opinion, people from later generations were openly belittling their schools, and kicked them out of the "Hundred Schools of Thought" team with just one sentence.

This, of course, they could not accept.

……

[In fact, the four schools of thought that participated in the Hundred Schools of Thought were mainly Taoism, Confucianism, Legalism, and Mohism. ]

……

Seeing this sentence.

In addition to these four schools, many people from other schools in the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period expressed dissatisfaction.

They all felt that they were despised by people from later generations, which made them very unhappy.

……

[Because. ]

[Only these four schools of thought realized that the reason why the rituals and music collapsed was because social development gave rise to changes. 】

[This led to the old system, that is, the class-divided system of "Zhou Li", no longer adapting to the new social development. 】

[The so-called Spring and Autumn and Warring States period was actually a major change that had not happened in 500 years. 】

[More importantly, these four schools not only realized the essence of the collapse of rituals and music. 】

[They also further realized that the collapse of the old order also meant the reconstruction of a new order. 】

[Therefore, the core content of the "Hundred Schools of Thought" debate is actually how to deal with the collapse of the old order and how to rebuild a new order? 】

[In this regard, these four schools also put forward their own propositions. 】

……

Many dynasties after the Spring and Autumn and Warring States plane.

Many ancient people instantly focused their attention, and their eyes looking at the giant screen in the sky became more focused.

Although they had already learned about the propositions of these four schools in history books.

But they are still curious about how people in the future will view the views of these four schools. .