I watched Er Chuang’s short video, and everything went numb!

[However, unfortunately, this is only a theoretical statement. ]

[In fact, although such malicious incidents of deliberate attacks on UN peacekeeping forces and causing heavy casualties occur from time to time, there has been no successful case of being brought to the International Court for trial for attacking peacekeeping forces. ]

[Many times, due to various restrictions, the United Nations has not taken any further countermeasures except issuing statements to condemn and warn. ]

The barrage flew out:

"Then when encountering an attack, the UN peacekeeping forces can~~ fight back?"

"Reply--Of course, it's okay to fight back and kill the attackers--."

"..."

Many ancient people in all dynasties were shocked.

When the UN peacekeeping forces were attacked, they were just condemned and charged with war crimes?

There were no specific punishment measures?

This really surprised many ancient people.

Although from the previous video, many ancient people already knew that the United Nations did not have much power.

But at this moment, seeing that the United Nations could not effectively counterattack when the United Nations peacekeeping forces were attacked, they could not help but sigh that the United Nations really did not have much influence on international affairs.

……

On the high-altitude giant screen.

The video refreshed.

A new video appeared.

[Inventory of various inheritance systems in monarchical countries! Which one do you think is the most reasonable? ]

……

Seeing this line of big words on the high-altitude giant screen, the emperors of all dynasties were shocked and immediately looked at the high-altitude giant screen with great concentration.

In a monarchical country, the inheritance of the gentleman's position is an extremely important matter.

Not to mention the competition around the right of inheritance, which is often bloody.

Just say that the right and wrong in the final selection of candidates also carries a lot of uncertainty.

If the choice is right, the country can at least stabilize its position, not to mention further progress.

If the choice is wrong, it is very likely that the country will fall into a crisis of turmoil, or even cause the country to perish.

Therefore.

The emperors attach great importance to the selection of heirs.

Therefore, the emperors are naturally very interested in this video that lists various inheritance systems in monarchical countries.

They look forward to seeing useful content from it.

At the same time.

In addition to the emperors.

Among the other ancient people in the dynasties, many people are also very interested in this topic.

So they also stared at the giant screen in the sky.

……

[Many netizens are very interested in the inheritance system of monarchical countries, and often send me private messages, hoping that I can talk about this aspect. ]

[Today, I will talk about this topic and list what inheritance systems there are in monarchical countries? 】

【After you finish reading, you can also leave your own comments through the barrage or comment area.=|

What do you think is the most reasonable and can select the best successor? 】

The bullet screen flew out:

"To be honest, the secret succession system of the Qing Dynasty is still good, at least it avoids the princes from killing each other."

"The secret succession system of the Qing Dynasty avoids the competition for the succession, but it does not necessarily select the most suitable one just by looking at the preferences of the previous emperor."

"I choose the bloody succession law of the Ottoman Empire, which is the survival of the fittest. At least there is no tyrant."

"I choose the succession law of the Shen Ce Army of the Tang Dynasty. (dog head)"

"..."

The plane of Taizu of the Ming Dynasty.

Zhu Yuanzhang looked at the huge screen in the sky, his eyes full of thought.

He had seen the bloody succession law of the Ottoman Empire and the so-called succession law of the Shen Ce Army of the Tang Dynasty in previous videos and knew what it was.

It was the "secret succession system" of the Qing Dynasty, and he heard about it for the first time.

Seeing that many people in later generations quite approve of this system, he also became more curious about it.

Compared with the monarchical succession system of foreign countries, the monarchical succession system implemented by the Chinese dynasty is undoubtedly more referenceable and more in line with the reality of China.

Therefore, Zhu Yuanzhang felt that he might be able to learn some experience from it.

Although this system was created by the Qing Dynasty, the enemy of the Ming Dynasty, Zhu Yuanzhang did not care about this.

As long as it is useful, he does not mind imitating the enemy's practices.

Not only Zhu Yuanzhang.

In the other dynasties before the Ming Dynasty, many emperors also had great interest in the "secret succession system".

……

[From the overall level, whether in ancient China or in monarchical countries outside China, the inheritance systems we can imagine are nothing more than abdication inheritance system, election inheritance system, and kinship inheritance system. ]

[And under these three inheritance systems, there are many different specific branch practices. 】

【First, let's talk about the abdication succession system. 】

【This system is quite common in the history of our Chinese nation. 】

【Specifically, it can be divided into internal abdication and external abdication. 】

【Internal abdication refers to the monarch giving up the throne to a person of the same surname, such as in 1194, Song Guangzong abdicated to his son Song Ningzong Zhao Kuo, who called himself the emperor. 】

【External abdication refers to the monarch abdicating the throne to a person of a different surname, such as Yao abdicating to Shun in ancient times. 】

……

The plane of Emperor Taizong of the Tang Dynasty.

Li Shimin was not interested in this part of the content on the high-altitude giant screen.

This is normal.

After all, he was very familiar with the abdication system.

He had even practiced it.

After the Xuanwu Gate Incident, Li Yuan abdicated the throne of the Tang Dynasty to him.

Even if he didn't have this personal experience, Li Shimin knew it very well through the cases in various historical books.

The abdication system sounds like the emperor voluntarily abdicates the throne to a capable person.

In fact, whether it is internal or external abdication, most of the old emperors were forced to=|

After all, who doesn't want to sit on the throne of the emperor?

After finally becoming the emperor, who would be willing to give it to someone else for no reason?

……

[The abdication system is relatively simple, so I won't go into details. ]

[The next is the electoral succession system. ]

[The representative of this is the "electoral system" of the Holy Roman Empire, which is neither holy nor Roman. ]

……

"Electoral?"

Many ancient people from all dynasties were shocked.

Just from the literal meaning, this title sounds a bit domineering.

"Electoral, is it the marquis who chooses the emperor?"

Many ancient people from all dynasties guessed in their hearts.

At the same time.

Among the ancient people, emperors from all dynasties were particularly interested in this "electoral system".

This is a monarchical succession system that they have never known before.

……

[This system of electing the throne was born in the ancient Germanic tribes, where military nobles had the habit of nominating their leaders. ]

[The electoral system at that time could only be described as a primitive and simple system. ]

[The electoral system of the Holy Roman Empire can be traced back to the 10th century AD. ]

[Starting in 911 AD, the East Frankish Kingdom in the German region gradually transformed into the German Kingdom. ]

[This year, Conrad I, Duke of Franconia, was elected as the King of the East Frankish Kingdom or the German Kingdom in Fuchsheim by the four East Frankish duchies of Franconia, Saxony, Swabia, and Bavaria. ]

[In the second year, in 912 AD, the famous bird catcher Henry I learned that he was elected Duke of Saxony while catching birds. 】

[In the days that followed, Henry I often launched rebellions, and Conrad I suffered continuous defeats in the kingdom's civil strife, and finally died in December 918 AD. 】

[The next day, Henry I, the Duke of Saxony, was elected King of Germany. 】

……

"Ah this..."

Many ancient people in the past dynasties were numb.

What kind of election is this?

Isn't it just that the strong are respected?

Whoever has the bigger fist is the king.

At the same time.

The plane of Emperor Chengzu of the Ming Dynasty.

A sentence emerged in Zhu Di's mind:

"The emperor should be the one with strong soldiers and horses."

……

[From this we can see that the election system in the early and middle ages of Germany was essentially a mutual compromise between different tribes under the game of military power. 】

[To put it bluntly, you are the most powerful, you have the most subordinates and allies, and we cannot beat you, so we just elect you as the boss in name only. 】

[So, we can think that the king is fought, not elected. 】

[The underlying logic is to see who has more force.There is still a big difference between a strong and powerful state and a truly institutionalized democratic election. 】

[Rather than saying this is an election, we might as well say it is a kind of consultation or negotiation. 】

……

The Great Qin Plane.

Qin Shihuang felt that this situation was somewhat similar to the Spring and Autumn Period of China.

There were many vassal states, and the monarch of the strongest state could become the leader of the Spring and Autumn League, which was equivalent to the recognized hegemon of other countries.

There is only one obvious difference in the Spring and Autumn Plane, in which the nominal Zhou Emperor existed alone.

The leader of the Spring and Autumn League could not serve as the Zhou Emperor at the same time.

And the German Kingdom in front of us is the ruler of the strongest vassal state, who also serves as the monarch of the German Kingdom.

The so-called election is actually just a superficial form.

The decisive factor is the strength of different vassal states, which has little to do with whether there is an election or not.

And.

Even if it is an election in name only, this election method has problems.

There are four people who make the choice, and one of them is the person being elected.

Isn't this just me choosing myself?

……

[In 962, German King Otto I marched into Italy and was crowned as the Roman Emperor in Rome. After that, Frederick I the Red Beard changed the country's name to the Holy Roman Empire. ]

[In 1356, Emperor Charles IV issued the Golden Bull, which confirmed that the emperor was elected by the electors in the form of an edict, and truly stipulated the details of the electoral system in detail from an institutional perspective, establishing a system of power and nobility under the feudal system. ]

[After that, the electoral system existed in the empire for nearly five hundred years. ]

……

"It has existed for so long? Doesn't that mean that the Holy Roman Empire has also existed for nearly five hundred years?"

Many ancient people in all dynasties were shocked.

But then, they realized something was wrong.

It was nearly five hundred years after 1356.

If we go back to 962, when the Holy Roman Empire was officially established, there were still more than three hundred years.

What is the sum of the two?

"Hiss! An empire that lasted for more than eight hundred years?"

These ancient people were even more shocked.

The last time the Ottoman Empire lasted for six hundred years, they were already extremely shocked.

·· ·········Please give me flowers····· ·······

·· ·········Please give me flowers····· ·······

I didn't expect that the Holy Roman Empire could last for more than eight hundred years, which once again refreshed the ancient people's cognition.

……

[Let's briefly summarize the content about the elector in the Golden Bull. 】

【First, the seven electors are composed of three major bishoprics and four secular princes. 】

【Among them, the princes of the sects are divided intoThe ranking of status is: Archbishop of Mainz, Archbishop of Cologne, Archbishop of Trier. 】

[The Archbishop of Mainz serves as the convener and host of the Elector and the Imperial Parliament, and also serves as the Imperial Regent, Prime Minister, and Regent of the German Region, etc. He can be considered the chief among the Electors. 】

……

The plane of Emperor Taizong of the Tang Dynasty.

Li Shimin frowned slightly.

He couldn't quite understand why a person from a sect could have such a high status in the Holy Roman Empire?

……

[The secular princes are ranked according to their status: the King of Bohemia serves as the Grand Steward of the Court, the Count of the Palatine of Rhine serves as the Grand Steward of the Court, the Duke of Saxony-Wittenberg serves as the Grand Steward of the Imperial Horse, that is, the Grand Marshal, and the Count of the Polish Border of Denburg serves as the Chief Financial Officer. 】

[Although the titles of the above princes and nobles are different, they can also be uniformly called electors, such as the Elector of Mainz, the Elector of Bohemia, etc. 】

……

"Different status, so are the voting rights the same?"

Many ancient people in the past dynasties had such a question in their minds.

And the answer to this question soon appeared.

……

[The voting principle of majority voting was clearly defined for the first time in the Golden Edict. 】

[That is to say, as long as the four electors vote in favor, the monarch can be determined. 】

[It also stipulates the process and rules of the election, which is roughly like this. 】

..... .. 0

..... .. 0

[The Archbishop of Mainz is responsible for escorting the electors or their representatives to the meeting according to the etiquette and deadline. 】

[He should send out a meeting notice within one month after learning of the death of the previous emperor. 】

[If he fails to send out a notice in time, the electors must also set off for Frankfurt within three months after the death of the previous emperor. 】

[When the electors go to attend the meeting, the princes and cities along the way must provide escort supplies and give them preferential treatment in the purchase of materials, even if the two sides are at war. 】

……

Daqin plane.

Hearing this last half sentence, Qin Shihuang felt more and more that the situation of the Holy Roman Empire was similar to the Spring and Autumn plane.

Nominally unified, but actually divided.

On the surface, it is a country, but in fact, there are many princes, and they will even attack each other.

In his eyes, it is not a unified empire.

……

[If these cities or princes violate this regulation, they will be deprived of all rights by the Holy Roman Empire. 】

[The Electors may enter Frankfurt with a maximum of 200 mounted followers, of whom no more than 50 may be armed. 】

[InDuring the election period, except for the elector and his attendants, no one is allowed to enter Frankfurt. 】

[Late electors can still vote if they arrive before the results are known. 】

[The electors and their attendants are not allowed to leave Frankfurt before the election is completed. 】

[If there is no election result after more than 30 days, these people can only eat dry bread and water to fill their stomachs and quench their thirst. Anyway, you are so hungry that you have to vote. 】

The barrage flew out:

"Good guy! Too hardcore!"

"Physical way to avoid arguing with each other."

"That's not the case. Seven people, an odd number. Unless someone abstains, one person can be elected, right?"

"..."

Many ancient people from all dynasties were also shocked.

They really didn't expect that the Holy Roman Empire actually had such a rule.

In order to elect an emperor, the electors were actually starved.

This was the first time they had heard of such a thing, and they thought it was too strange.

……

[In terms of process, in the oral election before the formal election, the Archbishop of Mainz will express his opinion first, which is very instructive. ]

[And in the formal vote, the Archbishop of Mainz will vote last. ]

……

The Great Han Wudi plane.

Liu Che's mind moved slightly.

The status of the Archbishop of Mainz seems to be very unusual.

These two seemingly simple rights can give the Archbishop of Mainz the power to influence the election results to a certain extent.

……

[Therefore, the Archbishop of Mainz has the two rights of expressing his opinion first and making the final decision in the vote. 】

[You can imagine that this is not a secret ballot. If the previous vote is 3 to 3, then the final result is equivalent to the Archbishop of Mainz deciding. 】

[In addition, if three electors choose another elector other than themselves, this elector can be automatically elected. 】

……

The plane of Emperor Taizong of the Tang Dynasty.

Li Shimin's eyes were full of thought.

Where did this candidate for the Holy Roman Emperor come from?

In addition to the four secular electors and the descendants of the old emperor, are there others?

What are the advantages and disadvantages of this system of princes' election for a country? Yiyi.