I watched Er Chuang’s short video, and everything went numb!

[That is to say, "combat effectiveness" represents the feasibility of the Tang Dynasty regime to maintain this cycle by violent means. ]

[From the most intuitive military point of view, from the Zhenguan period to the entire Gaozong period, the combat effectiveness of the Tang army was invincible. ]

[This is because, during this period, the entire cycle was in a positive direction. ]

[Continuous external expansion improved the organization and national identity of the Tang Dynasty, and then the combat effectiveness cycle was improved. ]

…

"Is that so?"

Many ancient people in all dynasties fell into contemplation.

This statement made them feel very fresh.

Even the Tang people in the Taizong plane and the Gaozong plane of the Great Tang Dynasty themselves had never thought of looking at the Great Tang from the perspective of the "three elements of the regime".

However, think about it carefully.

Many ancient people felt that this statement seemed to make some sense.

……

【But it declined during the Wu Zetian period and rebounded during the Kaiyuan period. 】

【Why is this? 】

【Because the Fubing system that had been used during the Wu Zetian period and even the end of Emperor Gaozong's reign began to collapse. 】

【First of all, the Fubing system and the equal-field system are dependent on each other for survival. 】

【The equal-field system allows everyone to have land to plant, and people with land to plant are rich, while the Fubing system has three seasons of planting and one season of training. 】

【Without disrupting normal production, people have money in their pockets, and their morale is not only high, but also there is a guarantee of military equipment. 】

【At the same time, in order to ensure agricultural production, Fubing generally takes turns to garrison in Chang'an on a monthly basis. 】

【This is why the military characteristics of the early Tang Dynasty were blitzkrieg, which complements the periodicity of the expeditionary army's one-year shift. 】

……

The plane of Emperor Taizong of the Tang Dynasty.

Li Shimin and many famous Tang generals behind him nodded slightly.

People in later generations said so, which was not wrong.

Under the Fubing system, the army usually did not fight for too long. When Li Jing and others led troops to fight, they liked to end the war quickly.

Of course.

This can only be said to be an important reason why they like to use blitzkrieg, but not the whole reason.

And what tactics to use, whether fast or slow, needs to be determined according to the specific situation, and it is not immutable.

……

[But the shortcomings of Fubing are also obvious. ]

[For example, when the Tang Dynasty destroyed Goguryeo, Su Dingfang's special forces had surrounded Pyongyang City. ]

[But the war dragged on until winter, resulting in the Tang army, which set out in spring without any winter equipment, being completely unable to adapt to the cold air on the Korean Peninsula. ]

[In the end, they had no choice but to retreat. 】

【After all, the winter in Korea, I believe all viewers who are familiar with the history of the founding war should have some understanding. 】

……

The plane of Emperor Taizong of the Tang Dynasty.

Li Shimin sighed in his heart.

When he personally led the expedition to Goguryeo, he also suffered a loss in this matter.I didn't expect the winter in Goguryeo to be so cold.

……

[As the war continued to expand during the reign of Emperor Gaozong of Tang, the territory became unprecedentedly vast. ]

[The soldiers in the frontier could not go home on time because of long-term overtime work, and the next shift of soldiers could not arrive in time, so the soldiers could not go home for at least two or three years. ]

[Homesickness seriously affected the combat effectiveness and also caused desertion. ]

[What's worse is that after these soldiers came back, they found that the land that originally belonged to them had been annexed by local tyrants. ]

[Under the premise of not choosing to rebel, they either went to the land that was not registered by the government to become hidden households, isolated from the world from then on, and cultivated their own one acre and three points of land. ]

[Either go to work in the homes of large landlords, or go to the city to live on handicrafts. ]

……

The plane of Emperor Taizong of Tang.

Li Shimin glanced at Li Zhi coldly and scolded him coldly:

"Incompetent!"

Ensuring the land of the soldiers is the key to the system of soldiers.

Think about it, what would the soldiers think when they fought bravely for the Tang Dynasty and found that their land was annexed by local tyrants after they came back?

Will they be disappointed with the Tang Dynasty court? Will they resent the court?

The answer is undoubtedly yes.

According to the three elements of the regime of later generations, this will definitely greatly reduce the sense of identity of these soldiers with the Tang Dynasty, and then damage the combat effectiveness of the Tang Dynasty army.

Obviously, this is a negative cycle.

As the future emperor of the Tang Dynasty, Li Zhi did not even notice the problem that the land of the soldiers was seriously annexed by local tyrants. In Li Shimin's view, this is completely incompetent.

On the other side

After being reprimanded by Li Shimin, Li Zhi quickly bowed his head and admitted his mistake.

If he is so confused in the future after inheriting the throne of the Tang Dynasty, then he is indeed wrong.

……

[But there were slaves in the Tang Dynasty, and there were quite a few. ]

[The slaves worked 24 hours a day, which was obviously better than the 996 of farmers. ]

[Therefore, urban slaves further squeezed the living space of the people, thus creating refugees. ]

……

Hearing this.

Many ancient people in all dynasties suddenly felt that this scene was very familiar.

Then some ancient people quickly remembered it.

The same situation had also occurred in the Roman Empire in the West.

……

[Logically speaking, with the continuous expansion of territory, there should be enough new land to be distributed. 】

【But the lands conquered by the Tang Dynasty were basically frozen lands with snow and ice, and deserts in the wilderness. In short, they were not suitable for carbon-based organisms. 】

【Moreover, the Tang Dynasty completely inherited the military merit system of the Qin and Han dynasties, and continuously expanded and produced many military merit nobles, who had a lot of say in the local area. 】

【For example, Xue Rengui, who is familiar to everyone, became a representative of the nobility by virtue of military merit. 】

【So, these noblesThey only have poetry, no distant places, and even on the issue of land annexation, they will be involuted. 】

[Because they are still annexing the old land instead of reclaiming it. 】

[This makes it easy to understand why the combat effectiveness of the Tang army declined significantly during the Wu Zetian period, so that it lost more than won in foreign wars? 】

……

Wu Zhou plane.

Wu Zetian's face became a little ugly.

She felt that people in later generations were criticizing her martial arts performance in a roundabout way.

"Humph! If there were no people in the court who were always dragging my feet, why would it be like this?"

Wu Zetian was indignant.

In her opinion, if there were not many ministers in the court who were secretly dissatisfied with her becoming the emperor as a woman, not only did they not assist her wholeheartedly, but also secretly hindered her in various ways, forcing her to spend a lot of energy fighting these people and having no time to take care of foreign enemies, how could she have lost more than she won in foreign wars?

In short, this is definitely not because she is not good at military affairs, nor is it because she did not govern the country well, which led to the decline of national strength.

All the responsibility lies with those ministers who secretly opposed her.

…

[Because of land annexation, the equal-field system existed in name only, and then the fubing system also collapsed. ]

[In order to reverse this situation, Wu Zetian first wanted to improve her combat effectiveness. ]

[But she, who came from a merchant family, was indeed not suitable for military affairs. ]

[During this period, the Tang army basically relied on numbers to crush the opponent, and the huge sacrifices seriously hit the morale of the entire nation. 】

[That is, at this stage, the means of maintaining the three-element cycle began to collapse, which led to the entire system starting to operate in reverse. 】

[What should we do then? 】

[If the military is not good, then deal with domestic affairs, which is what Wu Zetian is good at. 】

Barrage flew out:

"She is not good at domestic affairs, but she is good at palace fighting and political fighting."

"The production system of the Fubing system has collapsed, and military construction is unsustainable. She can only deal with domestic affairs."

"..."

The plane of Emperor Taizong of the Tang Dynasty.

Li Shimin snorted coldly, his heart full of displeasure.

When did the Tang army, which once swept across all directions, fall to the point of relying on numbers to win?

This woman is indeed an endless threat when she is the emperor.

A trace of murderous intent flashed across Li Shimin's eyes.

……

[She began to use the imperial examination system, suppressing the elders and nobles on the one hand and selecting talents on the other. ]

[Moreover, the imperial examination system should focus on writing poetry. ]

[Because poetry can promote the positive cycle in terms of cultural identity, thereby greatly improving the identity and organization of all citizens. ]

[This is conducive to the long-term development of the cycle and the sinicization of foreign ethnic groups. ]

The barrage flew out:

"Military victory changed to cultural victory."

"Huh, this is really an angle I have never thought of. I never thought that Tang poetry has such value and significance."

"That isIt is said that since it is impossible to establish a sense of national identity through victory in foreign wars and expansion of territory, poetry is used to accomplish this? "

"On the importance of vigorously strengthening cultural construction."

"It is useless. No matter how developed the poetry culture is, it cannot replace military merit and land."

"..."

Many ancient people in the past dynasties saw this and nodded in agreement.

They also think that this method is problematic.

After all, military merit and land are actual interests.

Poetry is still too abstract.

...

[In fact, there is another point in Wu Zetian's reform that many people ignore.]

[That is, the appointment of cruel officials to suppress the elder nobles, which did allow her to firmly grasp power in the short term.] (To read the violent novels, go to Feilu Novel Network!)

[But the power vacuum given up by the great nobles was quickly filled by the small nobles who were beyond Wu Zetian's control. ]

[Because Wu Zetian killed high-ranking officials, and those county-level officials had already formed a unique class of powerful nobles. ]

[The emperor was far away, and she could not control it no matter what she was in Luoyang. ]

[Because the real cause of the rise of refugees was not the famous kings and generals in history books, but the local nobles who were not recorded. ]

[How powerful can these landlords be? ]

[All the people in a county work for him, and he doesn't care who the county magistrate is. ]

The barrage flew out:

"The county magistrate changes, but the landlord is iron."

"There is no way, the imperial power does not go to the countryside."

"Grassroots governance has always been a very troublesome problem. ”

“…”

The Hongwu plane of the Ming Dynasty.

Zhu Yuanzhang nodded slightly.

This is indeed a problem.

And it is not only a problem of Wu Zetian, but also a universal problem of all dynasties in ancient China.[]

On this issue, the emperor’s personal ability does not actually have a decisive force.

With the information dissemination capabilities of ancient China, even the most capable and wise monarchs could not personally manage the grassroots counties and townships.

And it is precisely these grassroots officials who deal directly with the people and can directly affect the interests of the people.

“It would be great if there were the powerful information dissemination methods of later generations. ”

Zhu Yuanzhang thought so in his heart.

…

[So.]

[When Li Longji came to power, he faced a great empire with internal and external troubles....]

[In order to curb the local land annexation, he sent his confidants to the local areas.]

[In addition, he personally corrected the examination papers of the imperial examination officials to ensure the combat effectiveness of the civil service team, and at the same time sent troops to re-open the territory.]

[In short, the entire Kaiyuan period was actually a fast-forward version of the Zhenguan and Gaozong dynasties.]

[But these methods still could not effectively curb the land annexation of the big landlords.]

[Because the foundation of the Tang Dynasty's political power,From these nobles. 】

[And the degree of organization in the three elements depends on these nobles, so it is impossible to revolutionize oneself. 】

Barrage flew out:

"The emperor is the biggest landlord, and the royal clan is often the main force of land annexation. How to eliminate land annexation?"

"The emperor is the highest spokesperson of the landlord class, and their class interests are consistent, so he will definitely not really kill the landlord class."

"Without a thorough revolution, it is impossible to completely solve the problem of land annexation."

"..."

Many emperors of all dynasties looked at these barrages, and their faces instantly became a little ugly.

These contents are a bit too sharp and direct.

Of course.

They have seen similar words in some previous videos.

Therefore, at this time they did not jump up and down as before, but were very unhappy in their hearts.

Or to say.

They were a little scared.

Once many people in the world saw and accepted such a statement, it would not be a good thing for their imperial rule.

After all, according to the people of later generations, class struggle is cruel and irreconcilable.

If any people are bewitched by such a statement, it will be a big trouble.

And just as these emperors worried.

Many smart civilians in all dynasties are once again touched by such a statement.

They are increasingly aware that they should not expect any wise rulers, because they and the emperor are not naturally of the same class.

There are irreconcilable class contradictions between the two sides.

……

[What should we do? ]

[Open up wasteland. ]

[In the 24th year of Kaiyuan, Li Longji ordered the opening of wasteland, relying on encouraging farming and giving up government land to settle refugees. ]

[Initially, the government's control over land was indeed expanded. 】

【However, during this period, with the reopening of the frontier, the vast territory made the military system completely unable to adapt to long-term frontier defense. 】

【At the same time, the nobles who emerged intensified the annexation of land. 】

【Because the Han people were unwilling to move west, the powerful began to fight against each other in the Guanzhong area. 】

【For example, Wang Zhongsi's father died because other generals were jealous of his merits and did not save him. 】

【This kind of internal competition did not stop even during the An-Shi Rebellion. 】

【Zhang Xun was a loyal official who came from the bottom and was selected through the imperial examination. He killed the local landlords as soon as he became the county magistrate. 】

【Such an honest official who served the people everywhere defended Suiyang for a year during the An-Shi Rebellion. As a result, three days after the city was broken, the imperial army conquered Suiyang. 】

……

The plane of Emperor Taizong of the Tang Dynasty.

Li Shimin's face was gloomy, and he shouted coldly:

"A bunch of bastards who deserve to be killed!"

Since they were able to recapture Suiyang in a few days, how could they not be able to rescue it for a whole year?

Obviously, this loyal minister of the Tang Dynasty named Zhang Xun died in the internal struggle of the Tang Dynasty. He was deliberately allowed to die without help.

Faced with the An-Shi Rebellion, a rebellion that was enough to destroy the Tang Dynasty, there were still people in the court who ignored the overall situation and only cared about their own interests.

This made Li Shimin very angry.

…

[Good and honest officials were suppressed, and treacherous officials were in power. At this time, the internal corruption of the Tang Dynasty had reached the extreme. ]

[At the same time, the government recorded a population of 50 million, which had reached the limit of the productivity level of the Guanzhong region at that time, and had to bear the expenses of the entire empire. ]

[Because many places conquered by the Tang Dynasty were not able to make ends meet. ]

[So, refugees appeared again, either to hide or to go to the three towns of Heshuo. ]

[Why go to the three towns of Heshuo? 】

……

The many dynasties before the An-Shi Rebellion.

Many ancient people stared at the giant screen in the sky.

They were also quite curious about this question.

……

[During the Wu Zetian period, due to the contraction of territory, Hebei became the front line against the Turks. 】

[After the invading Turks came in, they specifically killed the wealthy landlords. The revolution was particularly thorough, and at the same time, it also caused the local population to be small. 】

[There are few people and a lot of land, and there is no oppression, which makes the Hebei region under the equal field system not as competitive as other places. 】

[And in Hebei, the integrity of officials is much higher than that of the central government. 】

[The three elements of the regime are in a positive cycle in the three towns of Heshuo, so they are stronger than the central government in all aspects. 】

[The tomb inscriptions of the Tang Dynasty unearthed today have shown that the average life expectancy in Hebei was higher than that in Chang'an at that time. 】

The barrage flew out:

"Wow, so that's it, this is the Heshuo Three Towns Demonstration Zone."

"The Heshuo Three Towns belonged to the special zone of the Tang Dynasty at that time."

"..."

See here.

Many ancient people in many dynasties and planes before the Anshi Rebellion also understood.

No wonder the people of the Tang Dynasty at that time all ran to the Heshuo Three Towns, it turned out that the relative conditions were so much better. .