I watched Er Chuang’s short video, and everything went numb!

There is no harm without comparison.

Many poor people in all dynasties were a little upset when they saw the situation described by Adam Smith.

The poor are much poorer than the poor in Europe, and the rich are much richer than the rich in Europe.

This undoubtedly shows that the gap between the rich and the poor in ancient China was much more serious than in Europe.

The money is concentrated in the hands of the rich and powerful.

People are not worried about the lack of money but the inequality.

Many poor people in all dynasties have developed dissatisfaction.

In a sense, the high-altitude giant screen has also played a role in enlightening the people of all dynasties.

After seeing the various situations in later generations, many civilians in all dynasties have become more active in their thoughts.

Many emperors in all dynasties are also clear about this.

So they are angry.

Because they were worried that this would arouse the anger of the people, cause social unrest and damage their rule.

And.

The sentence "especially the emperors of the Chinese feudal dynasties, who controlled huge wealth" directly pointed the finger at them.

This also made many emperors very angry.

They felt that the whole world belonged to the king, and it was completely reasonable for them to have huge wealth.

Of course.

Not all emperors would think so.

Some heroes combined Adam Smith's discussion to think about the harm of this situation.

Although they could not change their class position, in order to ease social contradictions and accelerate the development of the national economy, they could find ways to adjust income distribution within a certain range.

……

[On the issue of low income of workers, Adam Smith also emphasized that the wages of technicians in ancient China were even lower, which was extremely unfavorable to the development of manufacturing. 】

[The Wealth of Nations believes that "the status and wages of rural workers in China are higher than those of most skilled workers and manufacturing workers."]

[Compared with Europe, "In most parts of Europe, the situation of craftsmen is better than that of agricultural workers, while in China, the situation of agricultural workers is said to be better than that of craftsmen." 】

[Smith pointed out that this wage structure is related to the industrial structure. It is conducive to the development of agriculture but not to the development of manufacturing. 】

……

The plane of Emperor Chengzu of the Ming Dynasty.

Zhu Di asked Zhu Gaochi curiously:

"Boss, is that so? Is the income of craftsmen really lower than that of farmers?"

"I don't know about this either. The court has not conducted a special investigation and statistics."

Zhu Gaochi replied.

After hearing this answer, Zhu Di immediately ordered:

"Then let someone check to see if it is really the case?"

Zhu Di knew very well that the future industrialization of the Ming Dynasty could not be separated from a large number of craftsmen.

Therefore, if there really were industrialization that was not conducive to the development of the manufacturing industry in the Ming Dynasty,If the capital structure is changed, we must find a way to adjust it.

In fact.

In ancient China, the income of craftsmen and agricultural workers was compared and scored.

According to the "Notice of the Ministry of Industry and Factory Treasury" during the Wanli period of the Ming Dynasty, the craftsmen engaged in "mounting jade books" in the clan government at that time had a monthly salary of 1.5 taels of silver, and an annual income of about 18 taels, which was similar to the income level of self-cultivating farmers and higher than that of tenant farmers.

But the craftsmen serving the royal family were a minority after all, and the income of most official craftsmen and civilian craftsmen working for local governments was still quite meager.

For example, the official craftsmen working in the Suzhou Weaving Bureau had an income level of only "four dou of rice per month", while the civilian craftsmen engaged in the textile industry had an income even lower.

……

[Smith is talking about the relationship between the labor remuneration structure and the industrial structure. 】

[The living conditions and working environment of Chinese craftsmen and handicraftsmen from ancient to modern times are often very poor, especially miners and smelters, who often do the hardest work but get the lowest pay. 】

[This should be one of the important reasons why ancient Chinese manufacturing did not form a large industry. 】

[Therefore. 】

[Smith believed that: "The political economy of modern European countries is more conducive to manufacturing and foreign trade, that is, urban industries, and less conducive to agriculture, that is, rural industries; the political economy of other countries adopts different plans, which is more conducive to agriculture and less conducive to manufacturing and foreign trade." 】

[This profoundly reveals the role of economic ideas in affecting economic policies, and the role of economic policies in affecting industrial structure. 】

……

The plane of Emperor Taizong of the Tang Dynasty.

Li Shimin, Zhangsun Wuji and others watched very attentively.

These economic knowledge are very fresh and useful to them.

Especially for the future industrialization transformation of the Tang Dynasty, it has a strong guiding significance.

……

[In addition to the disparity between the rich and the poor and unfair distribution, The Wealth of Nations believes that China's closed-door policy at that time also hindered economic development. ]

[Since the principle of foreign trade in modern times aims to make all neighboring countries fall into poverty, foreign trade has fallen into a position of being ignored and ignored. "Modern Chinese people despise foreign trade and do not give it proper legal protection."]

[China is mainly good at agriculture and industry, and foreign trade is not prosperous, that is, "China's foreign trade has never been developed." China's surplus products are mainly transported to foreign countries by foreigners in exchange for the silver and other items they need. ]

[Through foreign economic and trade activities, they could have learned various technological and industrial improvements from other countries in the world. "In today's situation in China, they have almost no chance to imitate the precedents of other foreign countries to improve themselves."]

[The closed-door legal system and policy of the feudal dynasty also became an important reason for the long-term economic stagnation. 】

……

For "closed door lockMany ancient people in all dynasties have had a profound understanding of the harm of "country" from the humiliating modern history of China.

Therefore, they all agree with this view of "The Wealth of Nations".

……

[In addition to the above criticism, Adam Smith also described and praised the prosperity of ancient Chinese economy in the book.]

[These contents are scattered in various chapters of "The Wealth of Nations", which can be summarized into three points.]

[First: China was the richest country in the world at that time.]

[The first chapter of "The Wealth of Nations" wrote: "China has always been the richest country in the world, that is, the country with the most fertile land, the most sophisticated farming, the largest and most diligent people."]

[At the same time, Adam Smith compared China with Europe: "China is much richer than any country in Europe, and the prices of living materials in China and Europe are very different. The price of rice in China is much lower than the price of wheat in European countries. ”】

……

Many ancient people in all dynasties showed pride on their faces.

Such praise made them very happy.

However.

At the same time.

Some poor people in ancient times also remembered the huge gap between the rich and the poor described earlier, and their dissatisfaction became even stronger.

In the richest country in the world, a country that is much richer than any European country, the income of the lower-class people is lower than that of the lower-class people in any European country.

Is this fair?

Of course not!

After being enlightened by the idea of ​​the high-altitude giant screen, many ancient people began to develop a spirit of resistance in their hearts, and they were no longer blindly submissive.

……

[Second: China at that time had convenient domestic transportation.]

[The Wealth of Nations wrote: "China's roads, especially navigable waterways, are said to be much better than the famous waterway roads in Europe. ”】

【At that time, China's transportation conditions were better than those in Europe, with well-developed roads and even more developed water transportation. "The eastern provinces of China also had several large rivers, which were divided into many tributaries and waterways, connecting with each other, expanding the scope of inland navigation."】

【Due to good natural conditions and government-organized repairs, convenient transportation was formed, thus reducing the transportation costs of goods. "In China, due to the crisscrossing inland rivers and ports, goods are often transported by water. The cost is less than that of Europe, and the real and nominal prices of most of its manufactured products are even lower. ”】

……

Many ancient people in all dynasties nodded slightly.

The huge positive effect of convenient road transportation is obvious.

As a result, many ancient people thought of the transportation network of the Dragon Kingdom in later generations and were very envious.

That is the real developed transportation!

Among them.

Many emperors in all dynasties had a stronger and more urgent idea to build cement roads.

They issued edicts one after another, asking the Ministry of Industry to speed up the development of cement.

……

[Third: China's traditional agriculture and some handicrafts are well developed. ]

[Agriculture is an important foundation of traditional social economy. "In China, everyone wants to own some land or rent it." ]

[The vast majority of the income of the monarch of China comes from land taxes or rents. ]

["Although China does not have relatively rich gold and silver mines, it is richer than Cactus or Peru in other aspects, and the land is better cultivated." ]

[In addition, China's ceramic industry is well developed, especially favored by the upper class in Europe, and its consumption in Europe is growing rapidly. ] (To read the novel, go to Feilu Novel Network!)

...

For these views of "The Wealth of Nations", many ancient people in all dynasties have once again expressed their agreement.

Farming can be said to be the racial talent of the Chinese nation.

In the previous video, the ancients even saw the Chinese people in later generations farming in space, Antarctica and other places.

According to later generations, this skill is maxed out. []

……

The plane of Emperor Chengzu of the Ming Dynasty.

Zhu Di looked at the sentence "Although China does not have relatively rich gold and silver mines", and smiled faintly in his heart.

There was no such thing before, but there will be in the future.

The huge silver mine in Japan and the many gold mines in America will belong to the Ming Dynasty in this life! Belong to China!

……

[As an economics book published in 1776, "The Wealth of Nations" has been written for more than 200 years. ]

[Many people believe that it is meaningless to read such an "old book" today when economic theory has become highly scientific and systematic. ]

[But in fact, as the founding work of modern economics, the insights contained in this book can still provide knowledge nourishment for modern people. 】

[Read this book in your spare time, and you will definitely gain something unexpected. 】

……

The plane of Emperor Taizong of the Tang Dynasty.

After watching the conclusion of the video, Li Shimin couldn't help but have a thought in his mind:

"It would be great if I could get a copy of "The Wealth of Nations."

This masterpiece that laid the foundation for future economics is very useful for the Tang Dynasty.

And.

He also noticed that the publication time of this book was not much different from the beginning of the first industrial revolution.

This is even more instructive for the Tang Dynasty, which will start the industrial revolution in the future.

Unfortunately, Li Shimin can only think about it this way.

……

In the sky-high giant screen.

The video is refreshed.

A new video appears.

[If we only look at it from a geographical perspective, which countries in the world are the most difficult to invade? 】

……

Seeing this line of big words on the giant screen in the sky, many emperors of all dynasties instantly became interested.

They were all emperors who planned to start the industrial revolution, enter the Age of Exploration, and conquer the world.

Know yourself and know yourselfHe will never be defeated in a hundred battles.

Knowing the situation of these countries that are most difficult to invade geographically in advance will also help to make reasonable strategic and tactical arrangements when conquering these countries in the future.

……

[The importance of geography in the military cannot be overemphasized. ]

[After all, a cliff that can be defended by one man and ten thousand men cannot be opened is naturally much easier to defend than a plain. ]

[The reason why many countries have survived to this day is largely due to their geographical conditions. ]

[So looking around the world, which countries are the most difficult to invade or the most difficult to occupy for a long time? ]

……

This truth, anyone who has read military books in ancient China knows the importance of geographical conditions.

Now the ancients are more concerned about which countries they are? What kind of geographical conditions do they have?

……

[Since we have to start from the geographical perspective, we can't just think about "power only", otherwise Dragon Country, Eagle Sauce Country, and Bear Country are the most difficult countries to invade in the world. ]

[Don't even think about occupation, each of them has more nuclear bombs than the other, and their armies are all in the millions]

[It is no exaggeration to say that if these three countries join forces, then the other 200 countries and regions on the earth, no matter how strong they are, can be destroyed in a snap, without any pressure. ]

……

Hearing this.

Many ancient people in all dynasties remembered the comparison video "Five Permanent Members VS the World" that they had watched before.

"This is the horror of the top three permanent members."

Many ancient people sighed in their hearts.

Although it was the five permanent members VS the whole world, they all knew that there were also top three permanent members and bottom two permanent members among the five permanent members.

The two bottom two permanent members, the British Empire and the Gallic Chicken, were far behind the top three permanent members.

……

[But from a geographical perspective, Dragon Country, Eagle Sauce Country, and Bear Country actually have their own weaknesses. ]

[Although they can be ranked among the most difficult countries to invade, they are still not impeccable. ]

[Among them, Bear Country has the biggest geographical flaw. ]

……

“?”

Many ancient people from all dynasties were immediately puzzled when they heard this.

This is not right.

The predecessor of Bear Country, Tsarist Russia and Big Brother, once relied on the terrifying strategic depth brought by geographical advantages to resist the enemy's attack.

Whether it was Napoleon who dominated the European continent or Hitler who swept across Europe, they all failed on the land of Bear Country.

How could such a country have geographical flaws?

With such questions, these ancient people stared at the giant screen in the sky, waiting for an explanation.

……

[On the one hand, the European part of the Bear Country, with nearly 4.3 million square kilometers of land, seems very large, but this land is too flat, almost flat, and the mechanized troops are advancing very fast, and there is no time to react. ]

The barrage flew out:

"Ah, yes, yes, a failed art student thought so too."

"Although it is a plain, it is located in a high temperature, cold climate, low evaporation, and many rivers, which is not conducive to attack but is conducive to defense."

"Although these areas are flat, they are at high latitudes and very cold in winter."

"..."

Accompanied by narration subtitles.

A high-definition version of the map of the Bear Country appeared on the sky screen.

Li Shimin looked at the map, thinking back to the Napoleonic Wars, World War I, World War II and other content he had seen before, and thinking in his heart.

This paragraph is not completely unreasonable.

From a geographical point of view, this large plain is indeed conducive to rapid advancement.

The key issue is that the war must be ended before the cold winter comes.

……

[On the other hand, the economy and population of the Bear Country are also concentrated on the European side of the Ural Mountains. The Siberian side lacks a strong enough backup industry and can be easily wiped out. ]

[Therefore, the Bear Country faces considerable pressure when conducting defensive operations and must rely on external assistance. ]

[Those who get assistance, such as the Napoleonic Wars and World War II, can push back. ]

[Those who don’t get it, such as the Tsarist Russia in World War I, can only sit and wait for death. ]

……

The plane of Taizu of the Ming Dynasty.

Zhu Yuanzhang looked at the map on the giant screen in the sky and nodded slightly.

Whether it was the Tsarist Russia in the Napoleonic Wars or the Big Brother in World War II, they all turned defeat into victory in the end, all because of external forces.

The Tsarist Russia received assistance from the British Empire, while the Big Brother received assistance from the Eagle Sauce Country.

Without these assistances, it would be hard to say who would win.

From a geographical point of view, once the Bear Country loses the land resources on the European side, even if it holds on, it will have problems with supply. .