I watched Er Chuang’s short video, and everything went numb!

[The four Nordic countries have similar resources, populations, and environments, but they are not the same. However, they share the same joys and sorrows in terms of high welfare. ]

[The first to establish a high welfare system was Ruiyi. As early as 100 years ago, Ruiyi started a series of social insurances such as work-related injuries, diseases, and pensions. Later, it provided various subsidies for education, medical care, and vulnerable groups. ]

[Then, Ruiyi went further and further on the road of making citizens live more comfortably, and also continued the high welfare system to this day. ]

[How high is it? ]

[Almost free education and medical care are basic operations, and birth, aging, illness, and death are all covered. ]

[Of course, there are also enviable super-long vacations. ]

[In Ruiyi, in addition to public holidays, there are 25 days of annual leave, and many companies allow employees to take a month off in July and August for vacation. 】

[And usually you can take half a day off the day before a holiday. If there is only one working day between a holiday and a weekend, you can take both days off. 】

The barrage flew out:.

"Ah, I'm so envious. My annual leave is only a fraction of theirs."

"At this time, a person who was squeezing into the subway shed tears of envy."

"..."

Many ordinary people in all dynasties were also looking at the giant screen at this time, and they were also extremely envious.

For most ancient people, under the huge pressure of survival, holidays and the like did not exist.

……

[Also, Ruiyi's parental leave is as long as 480 working days, which is almost two years, and the key is that it is paid. 】

[Even if you don't want to take that long, the law also stipulates that you should take at least 90 days off. 】

[After a man takes 90 days off, he can get more money for the rest of the leave. 】

[Even if Rui Yi asks you to take an extra year off, can't I give you more money? 】

[Of course, the same is true for Fenlan, Novi, and Danmai. 25 days of paid leave is standard, and it is also basic for couples to share a year of paid maternity leave. 】

The barrage flew out:

"Hiss! Two years of parental leave! Too exaggerated, right?"

"Five two three"

"Ah, more leave and more money, this is too good."

"Male paternity leave is also so long, so envious."

"..."

Many ancient people in the past dynasties were also shocked.

They never thought that there would be such a holiday in the future.

Farmers grow their own crops. Although no one cares, the pressure of life makes it impossible for them to not work for so long.

The same is true for other industries.

Because "giving birth" can take a two-year break from work and get money from the state, this is simply unimaginable to the ancients.

The plane of Emperor Taizong of the Tang Dynasty.

Li Shimin, Zhangsun Wuji and other officials of the Tang Dynasty were all surprised.

The regulations of "parental leave" and "paternity leave" really shocked them.

"Parental leave" isI won't say more. Anyway, for these officials, their wives basically don't have to work, which is equivalent to having permanent "parental leave".

The key is that men can enjoy such a long "paternity leave", which makes these officials too envious.

They don't even have one day, let alone dozens of days.

Of course, this is not just the Tang Dynasty. Basically, court officials in ancient Chinese dynasties did not have "paternity leave".

On the contrary, civilians have a similar treatment in many dynasties, that is, exemption from Ding tax and corvée.

For example, during the Southern Song Dynasty, the court stipulated that during the pregnancy period of pregnant women, the family's Ding tax and the husband's corvée for one year were exempted, which could barely be regarded as the ancient version of "paternity leave".

Let's talk about court officials.

These court officials under Li Shimin actually have a preferential treatment when their wives give birth.

That is, they don't have to work night shifts.

According to the regulations of the Tang Dynasty, the Shangshu Province must arrange one person to work the night shift every day. If necessary, other institutions will also deploy personnel to work on duty. However, anyone who works the night shift cannot ask for leave to go home even if his wife is giving birth.

However, Li Shimin later felt that this rule was too inhumane, so he issued a new decree: regardless of whether the court officials are civil or military, all of them will be exempted from working the night shift in the month when their wives give birth.

This benefit was considered good in ancient times.

But compared with the exaggerated "maternity leave" seen on the giant screen, it is still far from it.

For a time, these Tang Dynasty officials were extremely envious.

It was at this time.

Li Shimin said:

"My dears, I have decided that from now on, no matter whether they are civil or military officials, their wives can get three days off after giving birth. What do you think?"

Learn Ruiyi's 90-day long maternity leave. The Tang Dynasty does not have this condition, but Li Shimin thinks it is okay to take a few days off.

Hearing this, the ministers of the Tang Dynasty were overjoyed and hurriedly thanked him in unison:

"Thank you, Your Majesty. Your Majesty is kind and considerate to us. We are grateful!"

...

[In other aspects, the benefits are also full. ]

[Take Ruiyi as an example. The child allowance can be received until the child is 16 years old, from kindergarten to university, almost all free. ]

[If you want to go to a private school, the government will also subsidize it. ]

[Ruiyi also covers almost all your medical expenses before the age of 20. 】

【Then Finlan next door said, I am not only targeting my own citizens, but also halving the meal and rent for university students here. 】

【Danmai said, I am not only targeting the study period, if you are unemployed, the amount of unemployment assistance can be 90% of your previous salary, the term can be up to four years, and the amount will not decrease. 】

【On the contrary, it is simply a blessing for mankind, a real utopia, and the Nordic region is competing to see who has higher welfare? 】

The barrage flew out:

"Stop talking, stop talking, I can't stand this."

"Envy MuThe lemon in my hand feels even more sour. ”

“Ah, it’s because they have few people and a lot of money that they can play like this.”

“If I could enjoy this condition, I could lie flat every day.”

“Reply—Me too. ”

“…”

The plane of Taizu of the Ming Dynasty.

Zhu Yuanzhang looked at the giant screen in the sky and frowned slightly.

As a famous model worker emperor in ancient times, he couldn’t stand these high welfare.

In his opinion, if the people can live without worries without doing anything, who would think about working?

If no one works, how can the country develop?

Isn’t this raising lazy people?

Zhu Yuanzhang felt that this high welfare system was unreasonable.

…

[But, with such high welfare, aren’t you afraid that young people will lie down and take advantage of it every day?]

[If you have to choose, if there are high welfare benefits to enjoy, do you still want to work 996 every day?]

The barrage flew out:

“Of course not, isn’t it better to lie down?”

“If you have no worries, why do you still work so hard? Of course you want to enjoy life. ”

“Lie down first!”

“Reply: Lying down every day will make you feel bored. You still need to find a job, but you can choose a job you like. ”

“Reply: I choose to work easily and live actively. ”

“…”

The Great Ming Taizu plane.

Zhu Yuanzhang looked at the bullet screen in the sky and became more certain of his thoughts.

Because he saw many people saying that if they had such high welfare, they would not work.

…

[High welfare inevitably encountered its biggest problem: human nature.]

[In 2017, Finnish Blue launched a radical social experiment: in the next two years, 2,000 unemployed citizens will be provided with a subsidy of 560 euros (equivalent to about 4,065 yuan in dragon coins) per month, regardless of whether the beneficiaries of the project have found a job, their financial and income status.]

The bullet screen flew out:

“Is it so cool? I also want to be a test subject.”

“In fact, similar tests have been conducted in many places, which can be called basic income tests.”

“Reply - what do you want to test? ”

“Reply - To test whether providing minimum income guarantee to unemployed people can encourage them to look for jobs more actively, because some people stop looking for jobs for fear of losing unemployment benefits after losing their jobs.”

“…”

Many ancient people in all dynasties were very confused and could not understand.

If more money is given, then people will have less need to work, right?

This experiment was very strange to many ancient people.

…

[After the experiment, the Finnish Social Security Administration said that the experiment did not seem to have any effect on employment.]

[Of course, some people think that this is because the testers knew that the project was not permanent, soEven during the experimental phase, these participants still maintained their previous living habits. 】

[From the perspective of Danmai's unemployment insurance, although the unemployed are required to try to find a job and submit a resume at least once a week, many people continue to lie down after submitting their resumes. 】

[Therefore, a big problem with the high welfare system is that the people are not enterprising. It is thought that after getting rid of the pressure of survival, everyone will give full play to their work creativity, but they don't know that some people will start to lie down with everyone, and then the national finance will be in crisis. 】

……

The plane of Emperor Chengzu of the Ming Dynasty.

Zhu Di nodded slightly.

This is human nature.

When people can get something for nothing, they often stop working.

Even if someone wants to work at first, when they see that others can live well without working, they will inevitably feel unbalanced and will follow suit.

Therefore, like his father Zhu Yuanzhang, Zhu Di does not agree with this high welfare system.

He felt that this was not long-lasting and unsustainable.

However.

How did the Nordic countries maintain such a high welfare system for more than a hundred years?

Zhu Di was quite curious.

……

[Fortunately, the Nordic welfare system has found a closed loop. It is neither like some European countries that rely on foreign debt and social financing to quench thirst, nor does it rely too much on the ideological realm of the people. ]

[The essence of the Nordic high welfare model is that the wool comes from the sheep, that is, taxes. ]

[Taxation is one of the best solutions for national finances. In essence, it can be understood as concentrating resources to do big things. ]

[The proportion of tax revenue to GDP in Nordic countries is more than 40%, which is much higher than the 20% of the United States. ]

[This shows that the financial source of high welfare is ultimately the people themselves. After all, borrowing money and printing money are not sustainable. ]

[And to achieve such a high proportion, there must be an extremely broad tax base, that is, everyone pays taxes. 】

[In Northern Europe, not only is the higher the income, the higher the tax rate, but the threshold is also low, so basically everyone who has income has to pay taxes. 】

[In addition, consumption tax is very common, and all kinds of consumption are subject to tax, so the overall tax determines the overall welfare. 】

The bullet screen flew out:

"That's right, behind high welfare is high taxation. 0 The tax rate in Nordic countries is not ordinary high. The country with the highest personal income tax rate in the world is Finland, reaching 56.95%, and the second is Denmark, which also has 56%."

"Reply-Rui Yi is not low either, 52.3%."

"..."

The Great Han Wudi plane.

Liu Che was shocked.

Is personal income tax so heavy?

Ever since he learned about this tax from the high-altitude giant screen, he has been thinking about introducing this tax in the Han Dynasty.

Although he also planned to set the tax rate higher, so that the powerful nobles and wealthy merchants would pay more, but never thought of such a high tax rate.

All of them are above 50%, and the highest is even close to 60%.

"Can the common people accept this?"

Liu Che felt that if he adopted such a tax rate in the Han Dynasty, there would be chaos in the world, and the powerful nobles would definitely not be able to bear it.

However.

Thinking of the extremely high welfare in Nordic countries, Liu Che also understood why the people in Nordic countries could accept such a high tax rate.

Then, Liu Che thought of a new problem.

That is, high taxes did not really solve the problem just now. If people do not work because of high welfare, then no matter how high the tax rate is, it will be useless.

If the people do not work and have no income, the country will naturally not be able to collect income tax.

With these thoughts, Liu Che continued to look at the giant screen in the sky.

……

[But there is still a problem. Nobel Prize winner in economics Friedman once said that the welfare security system of the United States is the world's largest Ponzi scheme, that is, using new debts to pay off old debts and using young people to support the elderly. ]

[Just like planting trees to enjoy the shade, there is no such thing as a peaceful life, because someone is carrying the burden for you. ]

[If there are more young working people than retired and unemployed people in the entire welfare system, there is no problem, but the global low birth rate and aging population make this system unable to operate. ]

[It is reflected in Japan that the young working population cannot support it, so they can only delay retirement. ]

[In short, a high welfare system still depends on the fertility rate. ]

……

"I see."

Some ancient people with rich knowledge and flexible minds in all dynasties suddenly realized it.

Of course, because they don’t know the specific content of the social security system, their understanding at this time is that the more people pay taxes, the more money the country will collect, and then it can maintain a high welfare system.

For a moment, they even thought that the Nordic countries gave the people so many preferential treatments in the matter of having children, just to encourage the people to have more children.

……

[In addition to the maternity leave mentioned above, the Nordic efforts in fertility also use laws to encourage non-marital cohabitation and childbirth, that is, having children without getting married can also be registered and enjoy welfare. ]

[The highest proportion of children born out of wedlock in the whole of Europe is Bin Island, which exceeded 55% in 1990, and now the proportion of the whole of Northern Europe is also more than half. ]

[Therefore, the fertility rate in Northern Europe is stable at around 2.0, which is another important factor supporting the high welfare system. ]

[But even if there is a labor force to collect taxes, the key people still have to work. 】

……

Many ancient people in all dynasties agreed with this point.

It is not enough to have enough people. The key is to have enough people willing to work.

Otherwise, too many people is not a good thing.

……

[There are also relevant policies in this regard. 】

[For example, in Norwegian, if residents have been unemployed for a long time, they can onlyYou can enjoy the minimum living allowance, but you can only receive unemployment benefits for two years, provided that you have no savings or assets. 】

[The so-called paid vacation requires salary, otherwise you will basically miss out on these benefits. 】

[So it is impossible to just lie down. After all, value is created by labor. You can't play without money from others. You have to rely on yourself if you want to continue. 】

[And the policy orientation of Northern Europe is to allow people who want to work but can't find a job to find a job with security, and not to allow people who don't want to work to make money by lying down. 】

……

The plane of Taizu of the Ming Dynasty.

Zhu Yuanzhang nodded slightly.

He felt that it was impossible for these countries in Northern Europe to really allow people to get money without working.

But even so, he still felt that these welfare policies in Northern Europe were too generous, which would make people lazy and not work hard.

……

[Of course. 】

[High taxes and policies are important factors in maintaining a high welfare system, but they are not decisive factors. 】

[The most important reason why Nordic countries can maintain this high welfare system is that their countries have developed economies. To put it bluntly, they are rich. 】

……

The plane of Emperor Taizong of the Tang Dynasty.

Li Shimin nodded slightly.

High taxes are just a way of distributing wealth, and they cannot directly generate wealth.

To maintain this high welfare system, it costs a lot, which requires these countries to generate wealth continuously.

So, how do these Nordic countries have huge wealth?

Li Shimin continued to look at the giant screen in the sky.

……

[Then, a new question arises, why are these Nordic countries so rich? 】

……

Many ancient people in all dynasties were also curious about this question.

They stared intently at the giant screen in the sky, waiting for the answer to be revealed.