I make a popular science video and all the emperors learn from it!

[The video continues. ]

[The project that best reflects China's title of "infrastructure maniac" is the Three Gorges Dam. ]

[The Three Gorges Dam is 180 meters high, 2,309 meters long, and has a water storage level of 175 meters. ]

[Below the water surface of this dam is the water inlet pipe of the turbine generator. When the dam's sluice gate is opened, the water from the upstream enters the pipe with huge water pressure, driving the turbine part of the generator. ]

[The impeller begins to rotate under the push of water pressure. ].

[At this time, the water level difference of the Yangtze River provides continuous power to the turbine. ]

[Above the turbine is the rotor of the generator. The magnets on the rotor are used to generate the magnetic field required for power generation. When the magnets outside the rotor rotate continuously, the generator starts to generate electricity. ]

[The power generation of each generator is equivalent to that of a small nuclear power plant. 】

【The Three Gorges Dam has a total of 32 such super-large generators. 】

【The site of the Three Gorges Dam is located in the Yangtze River Valley with two pound mountains on both sides. 】

【Before building the Three Gorges Dam, its design must be determined based on the new water level. 】

【The first step in building the Three Gorges Dam. 】

【First, build a temporary stone cofferdam at the 2/3 position, and after forming a circle, drain the river water inside. 】

【Then build the first two parts of the dam on the dry riverbed. 】

【After the cofferdam is built and removed, everything will start to build the remaining 29 sections. 】

【Here, fill it with stones first, then reinforce it with concrete. After the cement dries, build a concrete cofferdam wall on it. 】

【With the water level at the dam under control, the construction of the last section of the main dam can be completed, including the construction of the dam, the construction of the ship lock, the installation of the machine room, and finally the removal of the cofferdam to allow the water to flow through the turbine generator inside. 】

【The Yangtze River is one of the busiest rivers for transportation and shipping. 】

【There are two ways for ships to pass through the Three Gorges Dam. 】

【One is to go up from the stepped ship lock layer by layer. 】

【When the ship enters the ship lock, the gate is closed first, and then water is injected into it through the pipe, and the buoyancy of the water is used to lift the ship to the height of the next ship lock, and then continue to go up in the same way. 】

【It takes more than three hours for the ship to complete the whole process. 】

【There is also a quick way to pass, taking the elevator. 】

【Here we need a super elevator with a height of 40 floors and a load capacity of 15,000 tons. 】

【The ship can drive directly into the elevator tank from the channel. 】

【Above the elevator, there are counterweights corresponding to the load. The number of counterweights can be increased at any time according to the tonnage of the ship. Each counterweight is 1,000 tons and is driven up and down by a pulley. The other end of the pulley is connected to the large tank below. 】

【After the elevator is started, as the 16 counterweights slowly descend, the ship and the tank areLifting up. 】

【Finally, it rises to the top of 113 meters, which takes about 35 minutes. 】

【We all know that the Yangtze River flows from west to east. The silt washed down from the upstream will settle at the location where the dam intercepts, and it will accumulate more and more. 】

【Therefore, engineers installed a row of gates deep in the dam. 】

【Each gate weighs nearly ten tons. 】

【They use a powerful hydraulic piston to open the gate. Once the gate is opened, the blocked sediment will quickly pass through here as the water pressure is released, and then continue to flow downstream. 】

【The Three Gorges Dam has a unique and ingenious way of flood discharge. 】

【This design inspiration comes from a flood more than a hundred years ago. 】

【In 1889, Pennsylvania, the United States, experienced continuous heavy rains, and the water level in the dam soon exceeded the top of the dam. 】

【Strangely, the dam bodies, which were tens of meters high, collapsed one after another within a few minutes. 】

【As the main body of the dam collapsed, a huge wall of water flooded a nearby town, killing more than 2,500 people in the flood. 】

【The cause of this accident was that the water flow falling from a higher altitude would form a huge energy at the bottom of the dam. 】

【This energy directly damaged the foundation and load-bearing structure of the dam. 】

【Based on this lesson, people will design an arc-shaped ramp at the bottom of the dam. 】

【When the water flow from a high altitude sprays to this position, two convection vortices will be formed, and more than 80% of the energy can be consumed at this stage. 】

【Therefore, most of the destructive power is lost. 】

【However, there is no precedent for the 180-meter height of the Three Gorges Dam. 】

【So the engineers of China did not rashly carry over this design. 】

【The surface of the Three Gorges Dam adopts a mountain grid shape to consume the energy of the water flow, and then a gate for flood discharge is reserved near the bottom. 】

【When the water level in the dam rises, the upstream water will gush out from these gates. 】

【Because these gates have extremely high water pressure, the sprayed water will still have destructive power on the underwater dam body. 】

【Therefore, engineers installed a row of curved concrete guide plates in front of these flood discharge gates. 】

【The surging water column is decomposed into small droplets with dispersed energy during the upward spray process. 】

【Then it falls more than 100 meters in front of the dam. 】

【In this way, the world's most dangerous water flow is perfectly prevented from damaging the foundation of the dam. 】

【This is a wonder of human water conservancy engineering. 】

【It looks extremely dangerous, but it is the safest and most intelligent design. 】

【The Three Gorges Dam was started in 1994. It took tens of thousands of people 17 years to complete the construction, costing 250 billion yuan, consuming 27 million tons of concrete and 300,000 tons of steel bars., 260,000 tons of steel, and an annual power generation of more than 100 billion kWh, ranking first in the world. 】

[It is a world-recognized super infrastructure project. 】

[...]

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"Oh my god! The water of the Yangtze River has been blocked?"

"What the hell, this can also be blocked by people, you haven't been to the river to see, even if you throw two cities into it, it can't stop the river!"

"Good boy, I said that things that cannot be completed must be done by future generations. Look, even the Yangtze River has been managed."

"Amazing! Rare in the world!"

"..."

The ancient people, especially those living along the Yangtze River, collectively widened their eyes, as if they had seen a ghost!

They never thought that the Yangtze River could be completely controlled!

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Han Dynasty

Liu Bang was surprised and said in disbelief: "The Yangtze River has been blocked!"

"Did future generations control the Yangtze River?"

He could not accept this fact for a while.

How could the terrifying water flow of the Yangtze River be blocked by engineering?

If the flood of the Yangtze River was so easy to solve, why would there be 700 corvées every year to control it.

But he was more shocked by the cost of building this dam!

It took more than ten thousand people more than ten years to build it!

The cost was extremely terrifying!

"Infrastructure Maniac... This is the Infrastructure Maniac." Liu Bang suddenly understood the meaning of this title.

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Ming Dynasty.

"Build a dam at the Three Gorges..."

Zhu Di swallowed his saliva, perhaps because he was too excited and his mouth was dry.

If the dam was built in other parts of the Yangtze River, he would not be so shocked.

He chose the Three Gorges where the water flow is the most turbulent!

He had visited that place and immediately gave up the idea of ​​building water conservancy facilities to block it.

Because it is impossible to do it!

It was at that time that he first realized that the phrase "man conquers nature" is nonsense.

But now, this seemingly impossible thing has been done by future generations!

Zhu Di said jealously: "Such a good thing that will benefit future generations and be passed down through the ages, why didn't I do it?"

But soon, he realized a problem.

"No, such an important dam, with so much river water stored inside, what should we do if the enemy wants to destroy it?"

Just thinking about it, he immediately broke out in a cold sweat!

According to the description in the video.

The Three Gorges Dam does block the Yangtze River, but it also stores more river water!

Once it breaks...

The consequences are simply unimaginable!

How should future generations deal with it! .